Your Friend, the Periodic Table What it is, how it works, and how to use it.

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Presentation transcript:

Your Friend, the Periodic Table What it is, how it works, and how to use it.

The Modern Periodic Table

Early Periodic Table Developers Dobrereiner Newlands Mendeleev- father of the modern periodic table.

Mendeleev’s Table

Organization- Periods Groups or Families

Group/Family Names Alkali metals- first family Alkaline Earth- second family Transition metals-columns in middle over to stair case Halogens Noble gases Actinide and Lanthanide rows

General Characteristics Metals- left of stair case, positive charge, ionic bonding. Nonmetals- right of stairs, negative or slightly positive charge, covalent bonding. Semimetals/Metalloids- on the stairs, like metals and nonmetals. Electron configuration- s, p, d, f

Periodic Trends Radius- decreases going left to right. Increases going down. Electronegativity- (desire for electrons), increases left to right, decreases going down. Ionization energy- (the energy needed to remove the outer electron) increases left to right decreases going down.

Information on the Periodic Table General Characteristics Atomic Number (protons) Average Atomic Mass (protons + neutrons) Oxidation Number (charge(s)) Melting and Boiling Points Electron Configuration State- solid, liquid, aqueous, gas Radioactive, synthetic

Periodic Trends When moving left to right, add a proton. Moving top to bottom, add an electron shell. Oxidation numbers (charges) above families. Electronegativity increases left to right, decreases going down. Ionization Energy increases left to right, decreases going down. Radius decreases left to right and increases going down.

Pop Quiz Hot or Not?: Using the Periodic Table?

Answer Using the Periodic Table is definitely HOT!

Question Hot or Not?: Memorizing the Periodic Table

Answer Memorizing information on the Table, aside from the symbols, is NOT!

Question Hot or Not?: Knowing general Periodic Trends

Answer Knowing general trends helps you use the Table and is definitely HOT!

Question Hot or Not?: Performance-enhancing substances

Answer Chemical enhancers are definitely NOT, except for sugar and caffeine!

The End