Copyright © Cecilia Perh Theme: Judgment of Edom Context of Obadiah Historical Setting Key Words Purposes Author: Obadiah the prophet (= servant / worshiper of the Lord) Divine Author: the LORD Recipients: 1/ Edom 2/ Israel 3/ the nations 1. to pronounce judgment on Edom (Jacob’s brother) & the nations 2. to pronounce judgment on those who hate Israel (God will judge Anti-Semitism – cf. Genesis 12:3) 3. to reassure the Jews of God’s faithfulness to His covenant – they will repossess the land of Israel! 4. to announce the restoration of Israel in the day of the Lord when His kingdom arrives Historical Edom did violence to his brother Jacob (v10) & stood aloof when Jerusalem was plundered by other nations (v11) Political Edom allied with strangers & foreigners who looted Jerusalem (v11) & helped kill Jewish fugitives and survivors (v14) Geographical dwell in the clefts of the rocks War Preparedness very wealthy (v6) have wise men & understanding (v8) have mighty men (v9) Prophetic Future Edom will be utterly destroyed (v5- 6,9) 2Ch21 – because of Jehoram’s sin, Edom revolted (v8,10) and the Philistines and Arabs made successful incursions (v16-17) judgment words – judge, cut off, destroy, calamity, disaster… “do not” (8x) the day (11x) / the DOL (1x) “will possess” (5x) / possessions (1x) Esau (7x) / Edom (1x) Jacob (3x) / Israel (1x) nations (4x)

Copyright © Cecilia Perh Verses 1-9Verses 10-14Verses Judgment PronouncedReasons for JudgmentEdom Repossessed by Israel The Defeat of IsraelThe Victory of Israel One Nation Judged: EdomOne Nation Judged: IsraelMany Nations Judged Nations Destroy EdomEdom Despised IsraelThe Lord Dispossesses the Nations Destruction of EdomDestruction of IsraelDispossession of Edom & Nations The Defeat of IsraelThe Victory of Israel Judgment / PossessionHope / Repossession Destruction of EdomDestruction of IsraelDispossession of Edom & the Nations Judgment on Edom / Against Anti-Semitism Author: Obadiah the prophet (= servant / worshiper of the Lord) Divine Author: the LORD Recipients: 1/ Edom, 2/ Israel, 3/ the nations Key Words / Phrases: judgment words – judge, cut off, destroy, calamity, disaster…, “do not” (8x), the day (11x) / the DOL (1x), “will possess” (5x) / possessions (1x), Esau (7x) / Edom (1x), Jacob (3x) / Israel (1x), nations (4x) Key Verse: v15 - The Day of the Lord draws near on all the nations, As you have done, it will be done to you (v15) When Written: ≈ BC (Irving Jensen) Purposes: 1/ To pronounce judgment on Edom (Jacob’s brother) and the nations 2/ To pronounce judgment on those who hate Israel (God will judge anti-Semitism) 3/ To reassure Israel of God’s faithfulness to His covenant – they will repossess the land 4/ To announce the restoration of Israel in the day of the Lord. Setting: Historical - Edom did violence to his brother Jacob (v10) & stood aloof when Jerusalem was plundered by other nations (v11) Political - Edom allied with strangers & foreigners who looted Jerusalem (v11) & helped kill Jewish fugitives and survivors (v14) Geographical - dwell in the clefts of the rocks War Preparedness - very wealthy (v6), have wise men & understanding (v8), have mighty men (v9) Prophetic - Edom will be utterly destroyed (v5-6, 9)

Copyright © Cecilia Perh Shalma-nezer IV Benhadad II (Ben-hadad) Hazael Benhadad I (Ben-hadad) ? 773 Ahaziah 852 Jehoram (Joram) Jehu Jehoahaz (Joahaz) Jehoash (Joash) Zechariah Shallum (1 month) 852 Elisha Micaiah Jonah Jehoram (Joram) 841 Ahaziah Queen Athaliah Joash (Jehoash) 767 Amaziah 790 Uzziah or Azariah Kings of Judah (Southern Kingdom) Jeroboam II 752 Amos Ashurdan III Ahab Elijah Jehoshaphat The History of Israel – Divided Kingdom Kings of Aram, Damascus & Syria Kings of Assyria Kings of Israel Prophets to Israel Kings of Judah Joel Obadiah Jahaziel Eliezer 848 Prophets to Judah

Copyright © Cecilia Perh The Book of Obadiah 1 The vision of Obadiah. Thus says the Lord GOD concerning Edom – We have heard a report from the LORD, And an envoy has been sent among the nations saying, "Arise and let us go against her for battle“ - 2 "Behold, I will make you small among the nations; You are greatly despised. 3 The arrogance of your heart has deceived you, You who live in the clefts of the rock, In the loftiness of your dwelling place, Who say in your heart, 'Who will bring me down to earth?' Though you build high like the eagle, Though you set your nest among the stars, From there I will bring you down," declares the LORD. 5 "If thieves came to you, If robbers by night – O how you will be ruined! – Would they not steal only until they had enough? If grape gatherers came to you, Would they not leave some gleanings? 6 O how Esau will be ransacked, And his hidden treasures searched out! 7 All the men allied with you Will send you forth to the border, And the men at peace with you Will deceive you and overpower you. They who eat your bread Will set an ambush for you. (There is no understanding in him.) 8 "Will I not on that day," declares the LORD, "Destroy wise men from Edom And understanding from the mountain of Esau? 9 Then your mighty men will be dismayed, O Teman, In order that everyone may be cut off from the mountain of Esau by slaughter. 10 "Because of violence to your brother Jacob, You will be covered with shame, And you will be cut off forever. 11 On the day that you stood aloof, On the day that strangers carried off his wealth, And foreigners entered his gate And cast lots for Jerusalem – You too were as one of them. 12 Do not gloat over your brother's day, The day of his misfortune. And do not rejoice over the sons of Judah In the day of their destruction; Yes, do not boast In the day of their distress. 13 Do not enter the gate of My people In the day of their disaster. Yes, you, do not gloat over their calamity In the day of their disaster. And do not loot their wealth In the day of their disaster. 14 And do not stand at the fork of the road To cut down their fugitives; And do not imprison their survivors In the day of their distress. 15 "For the day of the LORD draws near on all the nations. As you have done, it will be done to you. Your dealings will return on your own head. 16 Because just as you drank on My holy mountain, All the nations will drink continually. They will drink and swallow, And become as if they had never existed. 17 But on Mount Zion there will be those who escape, And it will be holy. And the house of Jacob will possess their possessions. 18 Then the house of Jacob will be a fire And the house of Joseph a flame; But the house of Esau will be as stubble. And they will set them on fire and consume them, So that there will be no survivor of the house of Esau," For the LORD has spoken. 19 Then those of the Negev will possess the mountain of Esau, And those of the Shephelah the Philistine plain ; Also, they will possess the territory of Ephraim and the territory of Samaria, And Benjamin will possess Gilead. 20 And the exiles of this host of the sons of Israel, Who are among the Canaanites as far as Zarephath, And the exiles of Jerusalem who are in Sepharad Will possess the cities of the Negev. 21 The deliverers will ascend Mount Zion To judge the mountain of Esau, And the kingdom will be the LORD's.

Copyright © Cecilia Perh Obadiah People Chart Verses 1-9Verses 10-14Verses the vision of Obadiah concerning Edom 1 heard a report from the Lord 1 an envoy has been sent among the nations saying “Arise and let us go against her for battle” 2 will be made small among the nations by the Lord 2 is greatly despised 3 arrogance of his heart has deceived him 3 live in the clefts of the rock, in the lofty dwelling place 3 say in his heart “Who will bring me down to earth?” 4 The Lord will bring him down 5 will be ruined 6 will be ransacked 6 hidden treasures will be searched out 7 allies will send him forth to the border 7 men at peace will deceive and overpower him 7 those who eat your bread will ambush him 7 there is no understanding 8 wise men and understanding destroyed from the mountain of Esau 9 mighty men will be dismayed 9 everyone will be cut off from the mountain of Esau by slaughter 10 Edom did violence to his brother Jacob 10 will be covered with shame and cut off forever 11 stood aloof when strangers carried off his wealth and foreigners entered his gates and cast lots for Jerusalem 11 were as one of them 12 not to gloat over his brother’s day, the day of his misfortune 12 not to rejoice over sons of Judah in the day of their destruction 12 not to boast in the day of Jacob’s distress 13 not to enter the gate of God’s people in the day of their disaster 13 not to gloat over their calamity in the day of their disaster 13 not to loot their wealth in the day of their disaster 14 not to stand at the fork of the road to cut down their fugitives 14 not to imprison their survivors in the day of their distress 15 the day of the Lord draws near on all the nations 15 as he has done, it will be done to him 15 his dealings will return on his own head 16 drank on God’s holy mountain 16 all the nations will drink continually, swallow & disappear 17 escape for those in Mount Zion 17 house of Jacob will possess their possession 18 house of Jacob will be a fire and house of Joseph a flame 18 house of Esau will be as stubble 18 will be set on fire and consumed by Jacob and Joseph 18 will be no survivor of the house of Esau 19 those of the Negev will possess the mountain of Esau 19 those of the Shephelah (will possess) the Philistine plain 19 they will possess the territory of Ephraim and the territory of Samaria 19 Benjamin will possess Gilead 20 exiles of the sons of Israel who are among the Canaanites as far as Zarephath and the exiles of Jerusalem in Sepharad will possess the cities of the Negev 21 deliverers will ascend Mount Zion to judge the mountain of Esau

Copyright © Cecilia Perh AuthorRecipients 1 the vision of Obadiah = servant/worshipper of the LORD seer, prophet, poet (“master of the art of rhetorical repetition”, “master of various poetical techniques”, effective speaker), compassionate (cf. v5-6), warns Edom possibly living in Jerusalem, familiar with Edom’s lofty dwellings & grape harvesting (1) Edom(2) Israel 1 envoy sent among the nations to go against Edom 2 will be made small by the LORD among the nations / greatly despised 3 arrogant, deceived by the arrogance of your heart / say in your heart, “Who will bring me down?” 3 Live in clefts of the rocks, lofty dwelling place 4 built high, set nest among the stars / will be brought down by the LORD 5 will be ruined 6 will be sacked, hidden treasures searched out 7 deceived, overpowered & ambushed by allies 8 wise men & understanding destroyed in that day 9 mighty men dismayed / everyone cut off by slaughter 10 did violence to your brother Jacob / will be covered with shame & cut off forever 11 stood aloof on the day strangers & foreigners looted Jerusalem 12,13 gloated over Jacob’s misfortune & calamity / rejoiced over his destruction & boasted 13 entered the gate of Jerusalem & looted 14 cut down fugitives & imprisoned survivors 15 as you have done, it will be done to you in the DOL / your dealings will return on your own head 16 drank on God’s holy mountain 18 the house of Esau will be as stubble, consumed 18 no survivor of the house of Esau 10 Jacob, brother of Esau 11 strangers carried off his wealth, foreigners entered his gate & cast lots for Jerusalem 12 your brother’s day, the day of his misfortune / the sons of Judah, the day of their destruction, the day of their distress 13 the day of their disaster (3x), their calamity – gate entered, wealth looted 14 fugitives cut down & survivors imprisoned by Esau 17 escape for those on Mount Zion 17,19,20 house of Jacob will possess their possessions 18 house of Jacob & of Joseph will be a fire/flame 21 deliverers ascend Mt Zion to judge Esau 1 Thus says the Lord GOD 1 We have heard a report from the LORD 2 I will make you small among the nations 4 I will bring you down, declares the LORD 8 On that day, declares the LORD, I will destroy wise men & understanding from Edom 13 the sons of Judah = My people, your brother 15 the day of the LORD draws near on all the nations 16 you drank on My holy mountain = 17 Mount Zion 18 the LORD has spoken 21 the Kingdom will be the LORD’s Who: LORD (4x), LORD God (1x) What: judges pride, judges & destroys Edom & the nations His Word is absolute & authoritative The Nations 1 envoy sent among nations to battle against Edom 2 Edom to be made small among the nations 7 allies, men at peace, those who eat Edom’s bread will deceive, overpower & ambush him 11 strangers & foreigners enter Jerusalem & carry off her wealth 15 the DOL draws near on all the nations 16 all the nations will drink continually, swallow & disappear 19 Philistine plain, Ephraim, Samaria, Gilead repossessed by Israel 20 cities of the Negev repossessed by the sons of Israel Principle of Retribution: As you have done, it will be done to you (v15) When : in the day of the LORD (v15) Prophetic Timeline : The Day of the LORD Ob. Jacob’s day Edom All nations destroyed of distress destroyed & dispossessed / Israel restored

Copyright © Cecilia Perh escape for those on Mount Zion 17 Mount Zion will be holy 17 the house of Jacob will possess their possessions 18 the house of Jacob will be a fire & the house of Joseph a flame & they will set the house of Esau on fire & consume them 19 those of the Negev will possess the mountain of Esau 19 those of the Shephelah the Philistine plain 19 they will possess the territory of Ephraim & the territory of Samaria 19 Benjamin will possess Gilead 20 the exiles of this host of the sons of Israel among the Canaanites as far as Zarephath & the exiles of Jerusalem in Sepharad will possess the cities of the Negev 21 deliverers will ascend Mount Zion to judge the mountain of Esau 15 the day of the LORD draws near on all the nations 16 All the nations will drink continually on God’s holy mountain 16 they will drink & swallow & becomes as if they had never existed 17 the house of Jacob will possess their possessions 19 now possess the Philistine plain – repossessed by those of the Shephelah 19 now possess the territory of Ephraim & the territory of Samaria – repossessed 19 now possess Gilead – repossessed by Benjamin 20 the Canaanites have sons of Israel living among them 20 now possess the cities of the Negev – repossessed by the exiles of Jerusalem in Sepharad 11 strangers carried off Jacob’s wealth 11 foreigners entered his gate & cast lots for Jerusalem 11 Edom was as one of them 10 Edom did violence to his brother Jacob 11 Edom stood aloof on the day strangers carried off his wealth & foreigners entered his gate & cast lots for Jerusalem 12 Edom warned not to gloat over his brother’s day, the day of his misfortune 12 Edom warned not to rejoice over the sons of Judah in the day of their destruction 12 Edom warned not to boast in the day of their distress. 13 Edom warned not to enter the gate of My (God’s) people in the day of their disaster 13 Edom warned not to gloat over their calamity in the day of their disaster 13 Edom warned not to loot their wealth in the day of their disaster 14 Edom warned not to stand at the fork of the roads to cut down their fugitives 14 Edom warned not to imprison their survivors in the day of their distress 1 an envoy sent among the nations saying, “Arise and let us go against her for battle” 2 God will make Edom small among the nations 2 Edom is greatly despised by the nations 7 All the men allied with Edom will send him forth to the border 7 the men at peace with Edom will deceive & overpower him 7 they who eat Edom’s bread will set an ambush for him 1 vision concerning Edom 1 nations conspire against Edom for battle 2 will be made small among the nations 2 greatly despised (by the nations) 3 deceived by the arrogance of his heart 3 live in the clefts of the rock, in a lofty dwelling place 3 say in heart, ‘Who will bring me down to earth?’ 4 build high like the eagle & set your nest among the stars but will be brought down by the LORD 5 Will be totally ruined & plundered 6 Esau will be ransacked thoroughly 6 his hidden treasures searched out 7 All his allies will send him to the border 7 the men at peace with him will deceive & overpower him 7 those eating his bread will ambush him 7 There is no understanding in him 8 wise men & understanding will be destroyed from Edom 9 Teman’s mighty men will be dismayed 9 everyone may be cut off from the mountain of Esau by slaughter 15 as Edom has done, it will be done to him in the DOL 15 His dealings will return on his own head 16 drank on God’s holy mountain 17 the house of Jacob will possess their possessions 18 the house of Esau will be as stubble & the houses of Jacob & Joseph will set them on fire & consume them 18 there will be no survivor of the house of Esau 19 those of the Negev will possess the mountain of Esau 21 The deliverers will ascend Mount Zion to judge the mountain of Esau 10 did violence to his brother Jacob 10 will be covered with shame & cut off forever 11 stood aloof on the day strangers carried off his wealth & foreigners entered his gate & cast lots for Jerusalem 11 were as one of them 12 not to gloat over his brother’s day of misfortune 12 not to rejoice over the sons of Judah in the day of their destruction 12 not to boast in the day of their distress 13 not to enter the gate of God’s people in the day of their disaster 13 not to gloat over their calamity in the day of their disaster 13 not to loot their wealth in the day of their disaster 14 not to at the fork of the road to cut down their fugitives 14 not to imprison their survivors in the day of their distress 1 the vision of Obadiah 1 heard a report from the Lord concerning Edom Verses 15-21Verses 10-14Verses 1-9 Obadiah People Chart

Copyright © Cecilia Perh live in the clefts of the rock, in a lofty dwelling place 4 build high like the eagle 7 have allies at his border 8 live on the mountain of Esau (9,19,21) 14 located near Israel 1 Obadiah saw the nations conspiring against Edom to battle against him 2 God will make him small among the nations 4 God will bring him down 5 he will be ruined 6 Esau will be ransacked & his hidden treasures searched out 7 all his allies will refuse to help him but send him to the border 7 the men at peace with him will deceive & overpower him 7 they who eat his bread will ambush him 8 God will destroy his wise men & understanding 9 his mighty men will be dismayed 9 everyone will be cut off from the mountain of Esau by slaughter 15 As he has done, it will be done to him in the day of the Lord – his dealings will return on his own head 18 the house of Esau will be as stubble & be burnt fire & consume by the houses of Jacob and Joseph 18 there will be no survivor of the house of Esau 19 those of the Negev will possess the mountain of Esau 21 deliverers will ascend Mount Zion to judge the mountain of Esau 21 the kingdom will be the LORD's. 1 didn’t know that he is hated by the nations who conspire to battle against him 2 is great among the nations 2 didn’t know that he is greatly despised 3 deceived by the arrogance of his heart in his secure position 7 have allies, at peace & have covenants with the nations 7 no understanding in him 8 have wise men with understanding 9 have mighty men 10 did violence to his brother Jacob 11 stood aloof from Israel 11 were as one of the nations in their plunder and invasion of Israel not allied with Israel, helped Israel’s enemies by cutting down her fugitives & survivors 16 drank on God’s holy mountain 19,21 possess the mountain of Esau GeographicalPropheticPolitical Reread Obadiah again and then fill in what you learn about Edom politically, prophetically and Geographically.

Copyright © Cecilia Perh Kings of IsraelLength of Reign Kings of JudahLength of Reign 1. Jeroboam (Bad) = Rehoboam (Bad) = Nadab (Bad) = 22. Abijam (Bad) = 3 3. Baasha (Bad) = 243. ASA (Good) = Elah (Bad) = 2 4. JEHOSHAPHAT (Good) – co-regent Sole reign from Zimri (Bad)885 = 7 days 5. Jehoram (Bad) – co-regent =8 (7 actual years) Sole reign from Omri (Bad) / Tibni, co-regent from = 12 (11 actual years) Sole reign in Ahaziah (Bad)841 = 1 7. Ahab (Bad) = 22 (21 actual years)7. Athaliah (Bad) – Queen = 7 8. Ahaziah (Bad) = 2 (1 actual year)8. JOASH (Good) = Jehoram or Joram (Bad) = 12 (11 actual years)9. AMAZIAH (Good) = Jehu (Bad) = AZARIAH or UZZIAH (Good) – co-regent = 52 Sole reign in Jehoahaz (Bad) = JOTHAM (Good) – co-regent = 18 Sole reign in Jehoash or Joash (Bad) = Ahaz (Bad) = Jeroboam II (Bad) – co- regent = 41 Sole reign in HEZEKIAH (Good) = Zechariah (Bad)753 = 6 months 14. Manasseh (Bad) co-regent = Shallum (Bad)752 = 1 month15. Amon (Bad) = Menahem (Bad) = JOSIAH (Good) = Pekahiah (Bad) = 217. Jehoahaz (Bad)609 = 3 months 18. Pekah (Bad) = 20 Sole reign in Jehoiakim (Bad) = Hoshea (Bad) = 919. Jehoiachin (Bad) = 3 months 20. Zedekiah (Bad) = 11

Copyright © Cecilia Perh ISRAEL Prophets of Israel Prophets of Judah Prophets Post-Exilic Prophets of Israel & Judah JUDAH KINGDOMS 931 BC 722 BC Jonah Amos Hosea ObadiahMicahNahum JoelZephaniah Habakkuk Assyrian Captivity EXILE IsaiahJeremiah Ezekiel Daniel 586 BC BC RESTORED JUDAH- ISRAEL Haggai Zechariah Malachi RESTORATION Babylonian Captivity st Siege 2 nd Siege 70 years BC Temple work begunTemple completed 70 years

Copyright © Cecilia Perh The Man Obadiah (1 Kings 18:1-16) His CharacterHis Deeds 1. courageous (v4, 13) 2. obedient to king (v5-6), to Elijah (v 7-16) and to the Lord (v4, 13) 3. resourceful (v4, 13) 4. wise – to be able to serve a wicked king and protect the people the queen wants to kill and to not be killed by him shows tremendous grace from God and practical wisdom and self control and reckless courage Obadiah took a hundred prophets and hid them by fifties in a cave, and provided them with bread and water (v4, 13) His Relationship to the LORDHis Position 1. not afraid to risk his life to protect the prophets of the Lord (v4, 13) 2. trusted the LORD to protect him even as he does what is right in God’s eyes One of Ahab’s officers Easton: Obadiah, servant of the Lord. (1.) An Israelite who was chief in the household of King Ahab 1Ki 18:3 Amid great spiritual degeneracy he maintained his fidelity to God, and interposed to protect The Lord's prophets, an hundred of whom he hid at great personal risk in a cave (4, 13). Ahab seems to have held Obadiah in great honour, although he had no sympathy with his piety (5, 6, 7). The last notice of him is his bringing back tidings to Ahab that Elijah, whom he had so long sought for, was at hand (9-16). "Go," said Elijah to him, when he met him in the way, "go tell thy lord, Behold, Elijah is here."1Ki 18:3

Copyright © Cecilia Perh Key Words Chart Verses 1-9Verses 10-14Verses the nations go against Edom for battle 2 Edom will be made small by the Lord 4 the Lord will bring Edom down 5 Edom will be ruined 6 Edom will be ransacked 6 Edom’s hidden treasures will be searched out 7 Edom’s allies will send him forth to the border 7 men at peace will deceive and overpower Edom 7 those who eat Edom’s bread will ambush him 8 on that day the Lord will destroy wise men and understanding from the mountain of Esau 9 Edom’s mighty men will be dismayed 9 everyone will be cut off from the mountain of Esau by slaughter 10 Edom did violence to his brother Jacob 10 Edom will be covered with shame and cut off forever 11 on the day Edom stood aloof, on the day strangers carried off Jacob’s wealth and foreigners entered his gates and cast lots for Jerusalem 12 do not gloat over your brother’s day, the day of his misfortune 12 do not rejoice over sons of Judah in the day of their destruction 12 do not boast in the day of Jacob’s distress 13 do not enter the gate of God’s people in the day of their disaster 13 do not gloat over their calamity in the day of their disaster 13 do not loot their wealth in the day of their disaster 14 do not stand at the fork of the road to cut down their fugitives 14 do not imprison their survivors in the day of their distress 15 the day of the Lord draws near on all the nations 15 as you have done, it will be done to you 15 your dealings will return on your own head 16 Edom drank on God’s holy mountain 16 all the nations will drink continually, swallow & disappear 17 house of Jacob will possess their possession 18 house of Jacob will be a fire and house of Joseph a flame and will set the house of Esau on fire and consume him 18 there will be no survivor of the house of Esau 19 those of the Negev will possess the mountain of Esau 19 those of the Shephelah (will possess) the Philistine plain 19 they will possess the territory of Ephraim and the territory of Samaria 19 Benjamin will possess Gilead 20 exiles of the sons of Israel who are among the Canaanites as far as Zarephath and the exiles of Jerusalem in Sepharad will possess the cities of the Negev 21 deliverers will ascend Mount Zion to judge the mountain of Esau

Copyright © Cecilia Perh Instructions Chart Verses 1-9Verses 10-14Verses do not gloat over your brother’s day, the day of his misfortune 12 do not rejoice over sons of Judah in the day of their destruction 12 do not boast in the day of Jacob’s distress 13 do not enter the gate of God’s people in the day of their disaster 13 do not gloat over their calamity in the day of their disaster 13 do not loot their wealth in the day of their disaster 14 do not stand at the fork of the road to cut down their fugitives 14 do not imprison their survivors in the day of their distress