M ilitarism Dictators Nazi’s Mussolini – Facism Japan – military overthrew government A lliances Axis (Central) Powers – Germany, Italy, Japan Allied Powers – England, France, USSR, USA, … I mperialism Italy – North Africa Germany – Europe Japan – Asia and Pacific Islands N ationalism Facism – government that uses extreme form of nationalism Nazi – German pride

World War I resolutions: Germany – had to take the blame, lost land, lost all their overseas colonies, had to disarm, had to pay for damages Italy – felt cheated Japan – felt ignored by European powers World-wide Depression – Europe was devastated and left in debt, widespread unemployment ATTACKS! Hitler moves into Austria, then Czechoslovakia, then attacks Poland September 1, 1939 Italy moves into North Africa – Ethiopia Japan occupies Manchuria, then attacks Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941

Dictators Benito MussoliniAdolph HitlerJoseph Stalin Italy Fascist Germany Nazi Soviet Union Communism In Common: Imperialistic attitude – conquer other nations Ruthlessly crushed opponents Believed in an extreme form of nationalism Believed government should control economic and social life Rulers in Europe during World War II

The mass murder of about 6 million European Jews (as well as Romas (gypsies), disabled, Communists, and homosexuals, …) by Hitler’s Nazi Party

The place where Jews were placed to be persecuted by Nazis. Originally used as a term to imprison political opposition, the Holocaust made the term synonymous with “extermination camps”.

Pearl Harbor The Japanese attacked a U.S. naval base on Dec. 7, 1941 causing the U.S. to declare war on Japan.

The next day, December 8, 1941, President Roosevelt addressed Congress and the nation in a broadcast heard worldwide. He called December 7 th as, “a date which will live in infamy”. He then called for a declaration of war against Japan and its Axis allies in Europe.

After Pearl Harbor, the U.S. became suspicious of Japanese Americans and forcibly relocated over 110,000 Japanese Americans into internment camps.

An immensely powerful weapon of mass destruction whose violent energy comes from splitting the atom. It was used to end World War II when one was dropped on Hiroshima, Japan on August 6, 1945 and Nagasaki on August 9. Over 200,000 Japanese were killed by these two bombs. No nuclear weapon has ever been used since, but has created world-wide controversy.

plan that provided financial assistance to European nations after WWII. This economic assistance also helped form alliances and spread democratic ideals

G.I. Bill Of Rights Law that provided educational and economic help to soldiers that fought in the war. Over 7 million veterans went to college under this law.

An international peace organization created after World War II that included over 50 nations.

NC Contributions to World War II – jobs – Soldiers – military training camps – war bonds – raised money – POW camps – victory gardens – recycling – Torpedo Junction – Hospitals – Cemeteries – Shipyards – ration books – shoes, gas, rubber, metal, and food items: sugar, coffee, meat, butter – textile mills – sheets, parachutes, uniforms,... – military weapons and equipment – rockets, bombs, radar equipment – lumber – barracks, boxes, bunks – stone – roads – mica – insulation – tungsten – strengthens steel