Diversity of Cultural Expressions in Asia: Challenges and Perspectives on the Implementation of the 2005 Convention Bangkok, Thailand 4-6 March 2014 Danielle Cliche, Secretary of the 2005 Convention

Milestones  1995: Our Creative Diversity Argued that diversity is not just tied to individual or group differences but can be a source of creativity. Support for new arts forms and expressions is seen as an investment in human development.  1998: The Power of Culture Stockholm Action Plan calls upon governments to promote diversity and the idea that cultural goods and services should be fully recognized and treated as being not like other forms of merchandise.  2001: Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity Called for the defence of cultural diversity as an ethical imperative, inseparable from respect for human dignity, and as a capacity for expression, creation and innovation. Diversity of Cultural Expressions in Asia : Challenges and Perspectives on the Implementation of the 2005 Convention

The international community saw the need for an international treaty recognising:  the distinctive nature of cultural goods, services and activities as vehicles of identity, values and meaning  that while cultural goods, services and activities have important economic value, they are not mere commodities or consumer goods that can be regarded as objects of trade

Diversity of Cultural Expressions in Asia : Challenges and Perspectives on the Implementation of the 2005 Convention As of February Parties have ratified Operational Guidelines adopted June 2009 and June 2011 Entered into force 18 March 2007 Adopted 20 October 2005

Diversity of Cultural Expressions in Asia : Challenges and Perspectives on the Implementation of the 2005 Convention Ratifications 134 Parties to the Convention as of February 2014

Diversity of Cultural Expressions in Asia : Challenges and Perspectives on the Implementation of the 2005 Convention AfghanistanBhutanNepal AustraliaBrunei DarussalamNiue BangladeshCook IslandsPakistan CambodiaDemocratic People’s Republic of KoreaPalau ChinaFijiPapua New Guinea IndiaIran (Islamic Republic of)Philippines IndonesiaJapanSamoa Lao People’s Democratic Republic KazakhstanSingapore MongoliaKiribatiSolomon Islands New ZealandKyrgyzstanSri Lanka Republic of KoreaMalaysiaThailand Viet NamMaldivesTimor-Leste Marshall IslandsTonga Micronesia (Federated States of)Turkmenistan MyanmarTuvalu NauruVanuatu Ratifications in Asia/Pacific

2005 Convention: Key concepts Diversity : the many ways in which the cultures of groups and societies find expression Cultural expressions : result from the creativity of individuals, groups and societies and have cultural content. Cultural expressions are conveyed through cultural goods, services or activities irrespective of the commercial value they may have Diversity of cultural expressions : is manifested through diverse modes of artistic creation, production, distribution, whatever the means and technologies used Policies: whether at the national, regional or local level, policies that have an effect on the creation, production, dissemination, distribution of and access to cultural goods, services and activities Diversity of Cultural Expressions in Asia : Challenges and Perspectives on the Implementation of the 2005 Convention

Key Message All citizens, especially artists, cultural professionals & creative practitioners can create, produce, disseminate & enjoy a broad range of cultural goods, services and activities, including their own.

Diversity of Cultural Expressions in Asia : Challenges and Perspectives on the Implementation of the 2005 Convention Creation Production Dissemination/ Distribution Enjoyment/ participation Chain of cultural production

Diversity of Cultural Expressions in Asia : Challenges and Perspectives on the Implementation of the 2005 Convention  Reaffirms the sovereign rights of governments to formulate and implement policies and adopt measures to promote a diversity of cultural expressions  Calls for an integrated approach to policy-making for the cultural sector which includes the participation of various government ministries/departments  Encourages active participation of civil society actors in policy-making processes as well as sharing responsibility in policy implementation A Framework for the Governance of Culture

Diversity of Cultural Expressions in Asia : Challenges and Perspectives on the Implementation of the 2005 Convention Culture and Development  Culture as an important factor of sustainable development  Cultural aspects of development are as important as economic aspects  Culture to become a strategic element in national and international development policies and co- operation frameworks

Diversity of Cultural Expressions in Asia : Challenges and Perspectives on the Implementation of the 2005 Convention Cooperation for Development  Encourages the design of new forms of bilateral and multilateral cooperation that promote, for example:  Mobility of artists and cultural professionals  Greater market access for cultural goods and services from developing countries  Strengthening of human and institutional capacities leading to emergence of dynamic culture sectors

Stakeholders of the Convention  Parties  Parliamentarians  Artists, cultural entrepreneurs  Private sector  Citizens Diversity of Cultural Expressions in Asia : Challenges and Perspectives on the Implementation of the 2005 Convention

Mechanisms  Governing Bodies  The International Fund for Cultural Diversity: Funding for projects in developing countries that strengthen or build new cultural policies and/or industries  Parties’ quadrennial periodic reports: Monitor implementation of the Convention on the ground to promote good practices, identify challenges and future priorities => Convention contact points Diversity of Cultural Expressions in Asia : Challenges and Perspectives on the Implementation of the 2005 Convention

National Points of Contacts  Share information on the Convention at the national level  Act as communication channels through which this information can be disseminated to relevant Ministries and public agencies  Gather relevant information, as input to the quadrennial periodic reports  Participate in other Convention activities related to promotion, visibility, ratification and fundraising, and cooperate with other points of contact in order to share information and good practices. Diversity of Cultural Expressions in Asia : Challenges and Perspectives on the Implementation of the 2005 Convention

Activities to Support Implementation  Building institutional and human capacities  Enhancing local expertise through training programmes  Targeted, needs based interventions at the country level to reinforce existing policy processes and build partnerships (Expert facility) Diversity of Cultural Expressions in Asia : Challenges and Perspectives on the Implementation of the 2005 Convention

Activities to Support Implementation  Developing tools and materials  Policies for the cultural and creative industries  Training curricula and materials (6 areas of assistance)  Collecting data to inform policy making  Indicators culture for development (CDIS)  Educational games for youth on potential of diversity Diversity of Cultural Expressions in Asia : Challenges and Perspectives on the Implementation of the 2005 Convention

Activities to Support Implementation  Information sharing and knowledge management  Establishing a Knowledge Management system (KMS)  a new Biennial global monitoring Report on the state of implementation of the Convention  Producing the Creative Economy Report 2013 Edition: « Widening local development pathways »

Diversity of Cultural Expressions in Asia : Challenges and Perspectives on the Implementation of the 2005 Convention Conclusion A new policy tool Potential for bringing together many sectors (arts and culture, business and trade, industry, health, education, etc.) Prominent role of civil societies Post 2015 development agenda discussions: an opportunity not to be missed

Diversity of Cultural Expressions in Asia : Challenges and Perspectives on the Implementation of the 2005 Convention Thank You For further information, please consult: