Chapter 19, Section 4 Noninfectious Disease Thursday, April 29, 2010 Pages

Objectives Define an allergy Explain how diabetes affect the body. Explain how cancer affects the body.

Vocabulary Words Noninfectious disease Allergy Allergen Histamine Asthma Diabetes Tumor Carcinogen

Noninfectious Disease Noninfectious diseases are diseases that are not caused by microorganisms and are not spread from person to person. Examples include: –Cardiovascular disease –Allergies –Diabetes –Cancer

Allergy An allergy is a disorder in which the immune system is overly sensitive to something that is not normally found in the body. An allergen is anything that can cause an allergy. –Examples include dust, pollen, molds, foods, and medicines.

Allergy -- cont’d Allergens get into your body when you inhale, eat, or touch them. Lymphocytes produce a special antibody whenever it encounters an allergen. –These antibodies release a chemical called histamine. –Histamine is what causes symptoms like sneezing and watery eyes. –Antihistamine drugs interfere with the the action of histamines.

Asthma Asthma is a disorder in which the respiratory passages narrow. The narrowing causes the person to wheeze and become short of breath. Asthma may be triggered by inhaling a substance to which they are allergic.

Asthma Asthma is a disorder in which the respiratory passages narrow. The narrowing causes the person to wheeze and become short of breath. Asthma may be triggered by inhaling a substance to which they are allergic.

Diabetes A person has diabetes when the pancreas is not able to produce enough insulin. –Insulin is a chemical that enables body cells to take in glucose from the blook and use it for energy. A person with diabetes has high levels of glucose in the blood and are excreted.

Diabetes -- cont’d The body cells of a person with diabetes does not contain enough glucose There are 2 types of diabetes. –Type I –Type II

Type I Diabetes Type I diabetes is the more serious form. The pancreas produce little or no insulin. A person with Type I diabetes require insulin shots every day.

Type II Diabetes People with Type II diabetes doesn’t make enough insulin or body cells are not able to respond normally to insulin. Type II diabetes may be controlled through proper diet, weight control, and exercise.

Cancer Cancer is a disease in which cells multiply uncontrollably and destroy healthy tissue in the process. Masses of abnormal tissue are called tumors. Surgery, drugs, and radiation are often used to treat cancer.

Carcinogen A carcinogen is a substance or factor in the environment that can cause cancer. –Examples include asbestos, artificial sweetners, and preservatives. To prevent cancer, carcinogens must be avoided.

Review What is an allergy? What causes allergy symptoms such as sneezing? What is the difference between Type I and Type II diabetes? What is cancer? What is a carcinogen?

Homework Workbook 19.4 (4/30)