Ch 20 Notes

 Random Facts  26% of teens currently use cigarettes, cigars, and smokeless tobacco ▪ High, Low or Just Right  10% of middle school students are current smokers ▪ High, low, or just right  Over 6.4 million children (6-15) who are alive right now will die of a smoke-related disease ▪ High, low, or just right

 Vocabulary Words  Addictive drug  Nicotine  Stimulant  Carcinogen  Tar  Carbon monoxide  Smokeless tobacco  Leukoplakia

 Tobacco is the leading cause of preventable death in the U.S.  This includes smoking, chewing, or dipping tobacco  90% of adult smokers started smoking at the middle school age

 Nicotine  Tobacco users have a very difficult time quitting because tobacco is a addictive drug, a substance that causes physiological or psychological dependence.  All tobacco products contain nicotine, addictive drug found in tobacco. Nicotine is a stimulant, speeds up the central nervous system.  The use of nicotine raises blood pressure and increases heart rate

 Poisons in Tobacco  Tobacco is a carcinogen, cancer-causing substance.  Tobacco contains tar and carbon monoxide  Tar, thick, sticky, dark fluid produced when tobacco burns ▪ Can destroy cilia, tiny hair like structures and alveoli, absorbs oxygen ▪ Lung tissue is damaged, more susceptible to bronchitis, emphysema, heart disease, and asthma

 Tar

 Carbon Monoxide, colorless, odorless poisonous gas. Found in car exhaust and other fuel burning engines ▪ Deprives the body of oxygen ▪ Increases high blood pressure, heart disease, circulatory problems

 Cigars contain SIGNIFICANTLY more nicotine, tar and carbon monoxide. 1 cigar=20 cigarettes  Increase risk of lip, mouth, throat, larynx, lung, and esophagus cancer  Smokeless tobacco, tobacco that is sniffed through the nose, held in the mouth, or chewed, is believed to be safer, but its not.

 Using smokeless tobacco irritates the sensitive tissues of the mouth, causing leukoplakia, thick, white leathery spots on the inside of the mouth that can develop into oral cancer.  Individuals who chew or dip 8-10 plugs of tobacco each day, take in the same amount as someone who smokes 2 packs a day  Just as difficult to quit as smoked tobacco

 Short Term Effects  Change in Brain Chemistry ▪ Withdrawal symptoms (headaches, nervousness, and trembling)  Respiration and Heart Rate Increase ▪ Difficult breathing during physical activity  Taste buds are dulled and appetite is reduced  Bad breath, yellowed teeth, and smelly hair

 Long Term Effects  Chronic Bronchitis ▪ Coughing and excessive mucus secretion  Emphysema ▪ Destroys tiny air sacs in the lungs ▪ Uses 80% of their energy to breathe  Lung Cancer ▪ Nearly 90% of lung cancer deaths are caused by smoking  Heart Disease and Stroke  A weakened immune system ▪ More vulnerable to disease