Cancer

1. Define cancer: Uncontrolled abnormal cell growth

2. What is the difference between a benign and malignant tumor? Benign- non-cancerous Malignant – cancerous

3. Define metastasis: Cancer has spread from the point it originated to other parts of the body

4. What is a biopsy? A laboratory analysis of a section of tissue taken from a site where abnormal cell growth is suspected

5. Explain radiation therapy. Radiation energy penetrate the tumor to destroy cells by damaging the nucleus and slows the growth of the cancer

6. What is chemotherapy? The use of anti-cancer medications in the treatment of cancer to stop the cell division of cancer How is it administered? IV or pill

7. How is a malignant tumor often treated? Surgery, radiation, chemotherapy

8. What percentage of lung cancers can be attributed to smoking? 85% males 75% females

9. What is a carcinogen? A cancer causing substance in the environment Ex. Chemicals in tobacco smoke, asbestos, toxic wastes

10. Define palliation Treat something partially, but not cure it completely (slow the progression)

11. Define oncology The study of cancer

12. Define ABCD rule for malignant melanoma (skin cancer) Asymmetry(unevenness) Border Color Diameter

13. What are 3 risk factors for skin cancer? Exposure to sun, type of skin, use of sunscreen

14. How should you check your skin for cancer? ABCD rule

15. How is localized skin cancer treated? surgically removed What percent cured? 90%

16. What type of cancer does a pap smear detect? Cervical When should a woman first have one? having sex or 18 yrs. Old How often? once a year

17. What type of cancer does a mammogram detect? breast When should a woman first have one? 40 yrs. old or if there is family history How often after the first year? once a year

18. What type of diet will decrease your risk for cancer? Healthy diet w/ plenty of fruits, vegetables & whole grains Reduce fats in foods

19. What is remission? The cancer has not spread anymore, but still possibility it can come back and spread.

20. Define prognosis? Prediction of how a disease might progress

21. How many years must someone live without cancer to have “survived it” ? 5 years

22. How many people out of 10 will survive cancer this year? 6 out of 10

23. 7 warning signs of cancer C hange in bowel habits A sore that does not heal U nusual bleeding or discharge T hickening or a lump in the breast or elsewhere I ndigestion or difficulty swallowing O bvious change in a wart or mole N agging cough or hoarseness

Males: How often should you do TSE and what are you checking for? once a month checking for lumps

Females: How often should you do BSE and what are you checking for? every month lumps and/or discharge from nipples