Stress.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
American English Speech Patterns
Advertisements

You CAN SPEAK English BETTER.
No Stress in Stress: Secrets of English Pronunciation
Strong forms & weak forms Huang Wanmei. Strong forms & Weak forms Strong forms: stressed forms Weak forms: unstressed forms (schwa /  /)
Unit 8 Stressed Syllables & Unstressed Syllables
Scienze e tecniche psicologiche a.a SENTENCE STRESS.
English Pronunciation Hilton1 Lecture 5 Lecture 5 (last, but not least) English "Prosody" or Phrasing (Putting It All Together)
Suprasegmentals The term suprasegmental refers to those properties of an utterance which aren't properties of any single segment. The following are usually.
Used in place of a noun pronoun.
English Pronunciation for Communication A Practical Course for Students of English By Wang Guizhen Faculty of English Language & Culture Guangdong University.
© 2015 Tarle Speech1 Introduction to Word Stress in American English Jennifer Tarle M.A. CCC-SLP
SentenceRhythm Victoria Brand Naomi Javorsek Alissa Shepardson.
Chapter 10 Stress and Rhythm. What is a syllable? A syllable is a word part and the basic unit of English rhythm. English words can have one, two, three.
Word stress.
PRONUNCIATION Unit 8 Stressed Syllables/Words & Unstressed Syllables/Words.
Intonation and Stress: Key to Understanding and Being Understood Try this short exercise: say this sentence aloud and count how many seconds it takes.
 01 English Pronunciation Workshop Anita L. Maloney, MSCCC/SLP
Word Stress in English.
Word Stress & Sentence Stress
Sentence Stress And Super Stress. Word Stress & Sentence Stress Guarantee However understand Can you see? Is he clever? I’m in the band. Notice the similarity.
Banana STRESS. banana STRESS STRESS goes under many names: “stress” “emphasis” “accent”
Chapter three Phonology
Dictionary.
Sentence Stress It happens in regular time segments.
LEVELS OF STRESS. Stress within the word: Looking at words said in isolation (a rather artificial situation except for -´yes`, ´no´, ´possibly´, ´please´,
Word stress.
Firdayanti Firdaus, S.Pd., M.Hum.
Unit 5 Word stress patterns.
Teaching a pronunciation short course Jacky Springall AMEP consortium day.
The Eight Parts of Speech
Chapter 4 Basics of English Grammar Business Communication Copyright 2010 South-Western Cengage Learning.
Stressed words &unstressed words in a sentence
Rhythm Chapter four. What is rhythm? The rhythm of speech is based on the timing of sound segments (syllables). The uneven timing of stressed and unstressed.
Pronunciation Targets. Target 1 Word Stress English speech can be hard to understand if you stress, or emphasize the wrong syllable in a word. COMmunication.
WEAK FORMS  We must distinguísh between weak forms and contracted forms.  Certain english words are shortened so severely (usually to a single phoneme)
Ms.Lujain Weak forms Chapter 10 Week 12 April
A multi-syllable word has a prominent syllable. This is called a stressed syllable. Stressed syllable is longer in duration, higher in pitch, and louder.
Teaching Pronunciation. The articulation of consonants and vowels and the discrimination of minimal pairs had shifted Emphasis on suprasegmental features.
Unit 10 Strong Forms & Weak Forms. Strong forms & Weak forms  Strong forms: stressed forms  Weak forms: unstressed forms (/  /),e.g. WordsStrong VowelsWeak.
Scienze e tecniche psicologiche a.a SYLLABLE STRESS.
1 The nature of stress Dr. Marga Vinagre Department of English Studies UAM.
Stress. Stress Definition: In speech, stress may be defined as the degree of intensity or loudness placed on a sound; that is, the amount of force one.
English Phonetics 许德华 许德华. Objectives of the Course This course is intended to help the students to improve their English pronunciation, including such.
Are you all stressed out about speaking English??? BPL-ESL November 14, 2014.
How to speak with an American accent  Remember: there is no “right” way to pronounce English, simply different accents. “I am going to go to the internet.
Spoken language: Pronunciation is ability to use correctly INTONATION, STRESS and PHONOLOGY. Intonation is the way of saying the word rather.
Let’s Review!! Pronunciation Targets. Move Your Mouth!! P. 17 Try three ways that English speakers move their mouths. 1. A relaxed jaw 2. A flat, low.
EXPRESS YOURSELF. NEUTRAL ACCENT Neutral accent is a way of speaking a language without regionalism. Accent means variation in pronunciation and it should.
LEXICAL EMPHASIS Profª. Flávia Cunha. LEXICAL EMPHASIS It is achieved by means of special words or phrases. Certain words tend to be emphatic because.
Parts of Speech By: Miaya Nischelle Sample. NOUN A noun is a person place or thing.
Pronouns Pronouns are used in place of nouns, mostly to avoid repetition. Personal pronouns – refer to particular people: I, you, us. Impersonal pronouns.
WORD STRESS & SENTENCE STRESS. REVIEW OF VOWELS Three factors for the description of English vowels I. The height of the body of the tongue – highest.
Definition of syllable One or more letters representing a unit ofletters spoken language consisting of a single uninterrupted sound.language A syllable.
How to Improve your Pronunciation? STRESSANDINTONATION Level 3 Conversation Margaret McLay.
Building awareness and concern for pronunciation by Joanne Kenworthy - Teaching English Pronunciation FONETICA Y FONOLOGIA II - ALEXANDRA NAIR ZUÑIGA.
Introduction to English pronunciation and phonetics Lecture 4
King Faisal University جامعة الملك فيصل Deanship of E-Learning and Distance Education عمادة التعلم الإلكتروني والتعليم عن بعد 1 [ ] 1 King Faisal University.
King Faisal University جامعة الملك فيصل Deanship of E-Learning and Distance Education عمادة التعلم الإلكتروني والتعليم عن بعد 1 [ ] 1 King Faisal University.
“WEAK FORMS” - an essential feature of English pronunciation - ə - ɪ - ʊ By Prof. Ortiz Lira.
King Faisal University جامعة الملك فيصل Deanship of E-Learning and Distance Education عمادة التعلم الإلكتروني والتعليم عن بعد 1 [ ] 1 King Faisal University.
THE BASICS. WHICH ONE SOUNDS LIKE ENGLISH? Listen: #1 or #2? [Ex. 1] Listen: #1 or #2? [Ex. 2] a)John runs. b)Johnny runs. c)Jonathon runs. WHY???? The.
Introduction to phonetics and English phonology: Sentence stress
English Pronunciation & Intonation Practice 广东外语外贸大学 王桂珍 编著.
Introduction to phonetics and English phonology:
Introduction to phonetics and English phonology:
English Tongue Twisters
I love speaking English. What about you?
Session 2: Strategies to improve English Pronunciation
Pronunciation for Presentations
Stress.
Presentation transcript:

Stress

Stress Definition: In speech, stress may be defined as the degree of intensity or loudness placed on a sound; that is, the amount of force one puts on a syllable or word to give it importance. Type: word stress vs. sentence stress Significance: Stress is such an important feature of spoke English that it determines not only the rhythmic flow of words, but also the quality of the vowels. Correct word and sentence stress in spoken English can mean the difference between good communication and no communication at all.

Type of stress Three types of stress can be found in English: Primary stress refers to the strong emphasis a speaker puts on the most important syllable of a particular word. Secondary stress refers to a less strong emphasis on the next most important syllable. Zero stress refers to any syllable that receives no stress, and it is also called unstressed syllable. The frequent occurrence of unstressed syllable is one of the fundamental characteristics of spoken English, and the one that most distinguishes English from Chinese.

How to pronounce word stress? When a syllable is stressed, it is pronounced longer in duration higher in pitch louder in volume e.g. teacher

vs. Unstressed Syllables banana ba NAAAA na Syllable 1 Syllable 2 Syllable 3 (short) (long) (short) vs. Unstressed Syllables Stressed syllables are strong syllables. Unstressed syllables are weak syllables.

Check you progress: P85 compound nouns P86 compound proper nouns P89 compound nouns or descriptive phrases P90 noun or verb

Schwa // Any English vowel letter can be pronounced with the schwa //. allow a firemen e possible i // command o support u

Strong and weak syllables The vowel in a weak syllable tends to be shorter, of lower intensity and different in quality. ‘father’: the second syllable is shorter than the first, is less loud and has a vowel that cannot occur in strong syllables. ‘bottle’: the weak second syllable contains no vowel at all, but consists entirely of the consonant /l/. We call this a syllabic consonant.

Word Stress Rule Word type Where is the stress? Examples Two syllables Nouns on the first syllable center object flower Verbs on the last syllable release admit arrange Compound Nouns (N + N) (Adj. + N) on the first part desktop pencil case bookshelf greenhouse Adjectives (Adj. + P.P.) on the last part (the verb part) well-meant hard-headed old-fashioned Verbs (prep. + verb) understand overlook outperform

the syllable before the ending economic Geometric electrical Word type Where is the stress? Examples Phrasal Verbs on the particle turn off buckle up hand out Word with added ending -ic the syllable before the ending economic Geometric electrical -tion, -cian, -sion Technician graduation cohesion -phy, -gy, -try, -cy, -fy, -al the third from the last syllable Photography biology geometry -meter Parameter Thermometer barometer

Sentence Stress Sentence stress refers to the word or words in a sentence that receive a strong accent. Sentence stress is what gives English its rhythm or "beat". Word stress is accent on one syllable within a word. Sentence stress is the strong accent on certain words within a sentence. Sentence stress is the music of spoken English. Like word stress, sentence stress can help you to understand spoken English, especially when spoken fast.

Examples of sentence stress e.g. I am happy because I am with you. I am happy / because I am with you. I am `happy because I am with you. I am happy because I am with `you.

Most sentences have two types of word: content words (information words) function words (structure words) Content words are the key words of a sentence. They are the important words that carry the meaning or sense. function words have little or no meaning in themselves. They are small, simple words that make the sentence correct grammatically. If you remove the function words from a sentence, you will probably still understand the sentence.

Practice makes perfect! Content words are usually nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. They give information about who, what, when, where, why, and how. They express the main idea or content of the phrase or sentence. They carry the message and therefore usually stressed. Unstressed words are usually function words like articles, pronouns, possessives, prepositions, auxiliary verbs, and conjunctions. These words connect the information words to form grammatical sentences. Practice makes perfect!

Strong stress (focus words) Stress (content words) A native speaker may emphasize any word in order to express a particular idea. --- I mean the book in the desk, not on the desk. --- He did go there. --- The truck has been hit by another truck. --- Did you say “bread”? Here you are. --- I said “bread and butter”. There are three levels of stress in English sentences: Strong stress (focus words) Stress (content words) Unstressed words (function words) What are the conditions which may cause a normally unstressed word to become stressed, and vice versa?

Many thanks!