2009 MUTCD Revisions Part 4 – Traffic Signals Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD

Section 4C.01 Studies and Factors for Justifying Traffic Control Signals Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD 1. The separate 1-hour periods do not overlap each other. 2. The major-street and the minor-street volume are for the same specific one-hour period. For signal warrants requiring conditions to be met for a certain number of hours, four sequential 15-minute periods may be considered to be 1 hour if:

Section 4C.05 Warrant 4, Pedestrian Volume Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD Condition B In the 2003 MUTCD, this warrant stated that a signal shall be considered if conditions A AND B were both met. The conditions have now been changed and the warrant states that a signal shall be considered if condition A OR B is met. They have added 4 graphs, including reduced volume graphs. Condition A

Section 4C.10 Warrant 9, Intersection Near a Grade Crossing New warrant. Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD

Reorganization of Sections in Chapter 4D Similar subjects are now grouped together in adjacent sections or combined into a single section. Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD

Chapter 4D Optional use of Flashing Left Turn Yellow Arrow (FLTYA) for permissive turns. Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD

Section 4D.07 Size of Vehicular Signal Indications Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD 12” signal indications shall be used for all signal sections in new signal faces except 6 specific cases where 8” indications can be used. Existing 8” circular signal indications that don’t meet the 6 exceptions may be retained for the remainder of their useful service life.

Section 4D.08 Optional Red Indication Clusters Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD

Section 4D.11 Number of Signal Faces on an Approach Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD Standard: If a signalized through movement exists on an approach, a minimum of two primary signal faces shall be provided for the through movement (not the major movement). If a through movement doesn’t exist, two primary faces shall be provided on the major turning movement. This same provision should be considered for speeds less than 45 mph

Section 4D.11 Number of Signal Faces on an Approach Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD Support: Studies show that locating primary signal faces overhead on the far side of the intersection provides safer operation as compared to post- mounting signal faces or locating signal faces overhead within the intersection on diagonal spans. This will be addressed in the Traffic Operations Guidance Manual.

Section 4D.11 Recommended number, location, and design of signal faces for approaches with speeds ≥ 45 mph: Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD

Section 4D.12 Visibility, Aiming, and Shielding of Signal Faces Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD Guidance: If the posted, statutory, or 85 th percentile speed on an approach is 45 mph or greater, signal backplates should be used. They should also be considered when below 45 mph where sun glare, bright sky, and/or complex or confusing backgrounds exist. A 1” to 3” yellow retroreflective strip may be placed along the perimeter of the backplate.

Sections 4D.17 to 4D.24 Signal Indications for Left-Turn and Right- Turn Movements Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD These sections specify signal head placement and show detailed diagrams based on the following: 1. Left-turn vs. Right-turn movements 2. Shared vs. Separate signal faces 3. Permissive vs. Protected vs. Protected/Permissive

Typical Arrangement of Signal Lenses in Signal Faces in 2003 MUTCD: Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD

New Arrangements in 2009 MUTCD: Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD

New Arrangements in 2009 MUTCD: Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD

New Arrangements in 2009 MUTCD: Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD

Section 4D.18 Signal Indications for Permissive Only Mode Left-Turn Movements (Separate) Standard: If a separate left-turn signal face is being operated in a permissive only left-turn mode, a CIRCULAR GREEN signal indication shall NOT be used in that face. Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD

Section 4D.19 Signal Indications for Protected Only Mode Left-Turn Movements Standard: The 2009 MUTCD requires the use of a left-turn RED ARROW and NOT a circular RED indication. Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD

Section 4D.22 Signal Indications for Protected Only Mode Right-Turn Movements (Separate) Standard: If a separate right-turn signal face is being operated in a permissive only right-turn mode, a CIRCULAR GREEN signal indication shall NOT be used in that face. Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD

Sections 4D.25 Signal Indications for Approaches with Shared Left-Turn/Right-Turn Lanes and No Through Movement (Stem of T-Intersection) Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD This section provides signal face arrangements based on: A. No conflicting vehicular or pedestrian phases. B. Pedestrian or vehicular conflict with one turn movement. C. Pedestrian or vehicular conflicts with both turn movements.

Section 4D.25 Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD

Sections 4D.26 Yellow change intervals and red clearance intervals Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD - Durations shall be determined using engineering practices - Compliance date of June, Use of red clearance – changed from option to guidance

Section 4D.27 Preemption and Priority Control of Traffic Control Signals Traffic signals with rail-road preemption should have a back-up power supply. Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD

Section 4E.06 Pedestrian Intervals and Signal Phases Pedestrian Change Interval (FDW) shall end at least 3 seconds (“buffer”) before the release of conflicting traffic. Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD Buffer shall not begin later than the start of the red clearance interval. Compliance date of June, 2017 or when timing adjustments are made (whichever comes first)

Section 4E.06 Slower walking speed for calculating pedestrian clearance time (guidance) Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD Guidance: The Pedestrian Clearance Time should be based on a person walking 3.5 feet/sec from the curb to the far side of the traveled way being crossed. Guidance: The total of the Walk Interval and the Pedestrian Clearance Time should be based on a person walking 3.0 feet/sec from the pedestrian detector to the far side of the traveled way being crossed.

Section 4E.07 Countdown Pedestrian Signals All pedestrian heads used at crosswalks where the pedestrian change interval is more than 7 seconds shall include a pedestrian change interval countdown display. Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD

Section 4E.08 Pedestrian Detectors (guidance) This section provides specific guidance on the locations of pedestrian detectors. Pushbuttons “SHOULD” be separated by a distance of at least 10 feet, unless there are physical constraints that make it impractical. Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD

Section 4E.10 Accessible Pedestrian Signals Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD For locations where pushbuttons are placed less than 10 feet apart, each accessible pushbutton SHALL be provided with the following features: A.A pushbutton locator tone B.A tactile arrow C.A speech walk message for the WALKING PERSON D.A speech pushbutton information message

Section 4E.11 Accessible Pedestrian Signals Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD For locations where pushbuttons are placed more than 10 feet apart (guidance from section 4E.08), the audible walk indication SHALL be a percussive tone. The percussive tone shall repeat at eight to ten ticks per second.

Section 4E.11 Accessible Pedestrian Signals Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD When speech messages are used, they should be patterned after the following: A.“Broadway. Walk sign is on for Broadway.” (when pedestrian phase is concurrent with a vehicle phase) B.“Walk sign is on for all crossings.” (for exclusive pedestrian phasing) C.Shall not contain additional information (“Street” or “Avenue”) unless it is necessary to avoid ambiguity at a particular location.

Section 4E.11 Accessible Pedestrian Signals Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD If a pilot light is used at an accessible pedestrian signal location, each actuation shall be accompanied by the speech message “wait.” If a speech pushbutton information message is used, it shall begin with the term “Wait,” followed by intersection identification information and modeled after “Wait to cross Broadway at Grand.”

Chapter 4F Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD

Section 4L.02 Intersection Control Beacon Revisions to the 2009 MUTCD If two horizontally aligned red signal indications are used on an approach for an Intersection Control Beacon, they shall be flashed simultaneously.