Age of Jackson,

Andrew Jackson Personal: –Famous for Military Exploits Florida and Battle of New Orleans –First President from the WestFirst President from the West Wealthy slaveholder Tennessee –Seen as the Champion of the Common Man “King Mob” Political NOT Economic Rise

% of Eligible Voters in Presidential Elections Brinkley, 10 th Edition

The Common Man’s President

Elections 1824—Loses the “Corrupt Bargain” to John Quincy Adams 1828—Jackson Victory! 1832—Jackson wins reelection! –New Party Formation Jacksonian Democrats National Republicans

Major Issues Spoils System—patronage system— election winners can appoint hundreds/thousands of jobs –Advantage—rotates bureaucrats; more democratic –Disadvantage—unqualified people; could lead to corruption

Major Issues—Bank War Charter for the National Bank up for renewal in 1836 – decide to renew early (1832) to embarrass Jackson –Jackson vetoes the act—dislikes the bank –The Common Man agrees –Becomes a major issue for the 1832 election

Nullification Crisis Do the states have the right to nullify a federal law? Do they have the right to secede? 1828—Congress passes the “Tariff of Abominations” 1830—Webster-Hayne Debates and Jackson-Calhoun –“Our Union, it must be preserved.” Jackson –“The Union, next to our Liberty, most dear.” Calhoun 1832—A second tariff is passed, South Carolina nullifies both the 1828 and 1832 tariffs 1833—Force Bill—President will send 50,000 federal troops unless S.C. pays COMPROMISE—Congress reduces the tariff and SC pays (Henry Clay)

Indian Removal 1828/1829—State of Georgia seizes land from Indians that had been promised to them in a treaty. 1830—Indian Removal Act passed—allows states to seize Indian land if the state pays for it Cherokees sue in Federal Courts. Supreme Court decides for the Cherokees, as a state cannot violate a federal treaty Andrew Jackson refuses to enforce the ruling “Marshall has made a decision, now let him enforce it.”

Trail of Tears 1837/ ,000 Cherokee are marched by the US army to Kansas and Oklahoma. –25% die along the way –Cherokee were charged $6 million for the escort

Trail of Tears

Removal Routes