1 Infant Nutrition Healthy foods for your baby Session 2: Feeding Your Baby Infant-1 year

2 Project Sponsors USDA project funded through the Food Stamp Program School District of Philadelphia Nutrition Center, Department of Biology at Drexel University

3 Feeding the Newborn Breast milk or Iron-fortified formula provides total nutrition until 4 months →Breast milk is best but Iron-fortified formula is a good 2 nd choice →No water, juice or cereal until 4 months! Source: “Feeding Your Baby” Philadelphia Health Department

4 Benefits of Breastfeeding Inexpensive Quick Complete nutrition –vitamins, minerals, enzymes, antibodies Burns 500 calories per feeding Source:

5 What to Know About Breastfeeding Additional calories are needed –About 500 extra calories per day depending on mother’s fat stores Milk content depends on mom’s intake and body stores of vitamins/minerals Source: La Leche League International

6 Making Nutritious Milk Eat 5 servings of fruit/vegetables daily Eat at least 3 servings calcium rich foods Different grains (wheat, rice, corn, barley) preferably whole Protein foods from animal sources and/or plant sources Small quantities of fats, preferably vegetable oils Source: La Leche International

7 Benefits of Iron Fortified Formulas Nutritious alternative to breast milk. More freedom and flexibility for the mother Easier to feed the baby in public Other family members can feed the baby Source:

8 Dos of Bottle Feeding Do use mixed formula within 2 days Do wash bottle with hot soapy water after each use Do throw out any unused formula within 1 hour after feeding Do toss out mixed formula that has been at room temperature for more than 1 hour

9 Don’ts of Bottle Feeding Don’t leave the bottle in baby’s mouth while sleeping Don’t give cows milk to baby before 12 months Don’t put cereal in bottle Don’t give baby expired formula Don’t microwave baby formula Source: Minnesota Department of Health

10 Why can’t infants drink cow’s milk? Question:

11 Your baby’s digestive system doesn’t contain the enzyme to digest cow’s milk It can cause intestinal bleeding It contains incomplete nutrition Answer

12 Feeding Infants 4-6 months Breast milk and formula provide main source of nutrition Cereal (rice) can be eaten in bowl with baby spoon Add vegetables (cooked, soft, mashed) if baby tolerates cereal Introduce new foods one at a time Source: Minnesota Department of Health

13 Oh Honey… No honey until baby is 12 months old Why? –Infant Botulism: a food borne illness causing symptoms such as constipation, weakness and decreased ability to move which can lead to death.

14 Question: How do you know your baby is ready for cereal?

15 Answer: Baby sits up with some support Holds up his head by himself Does not push food out of his mouth with his tongue Reaches out to grab your food and other things Source: “Feeding Your Baby” Philadelphia Health Department

16 Feeding Infants 7-9 months Breast milk and formula Cooked or soft vegetables Cooked or soft fruit Well-cooked, strained or finely mashed meats Egg yolk Finger foods

17 Question: How do I know when my baby is ready to use a sippy cup?

18 Answer: When the baby is able to sit up and hold objects on his own.

19 Finger Foods Dry cereal Pancakes or French toast cut into strips Cooked rice and chopped noodles Banana cut into small pieces Cooked fruit or chopped canned fruit or vegetables To prevent choking, give your baby foods that soften in the mouth and cannot be swallowed in chunks.

20 Feeding Infants10-12months Breast milk and/or Formula given in sippy cup Water, 100% fruit juice in sippy cup –Don’t give high sugar drinks Chopped or soft table foods Source: “Feeding Your Baby” Philadelphia Health Department

21 Feeding Baby Puzzles

22 Feeding Baby Puzzles 0-12 Breast milk Iron fortified formula 4-6 Baby cereal from spoon st strained vegetables then fruit 7-8 Minced meat Egg yolk Dry toast

23 Feeding Baby Puzzles 9-10 Finger foods Toast squares Cheerios Sippy cup Feeds self Chopped table food Plain yogurt

24 Remember… No cows milk before 12 months No cereal in baby bottle Cooked and/or soft foods are best No water, juice or cereal until 4 months No honey before 12 months

25 Questions?