EARLY INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION Abby and Chelsea

KEY INNOVATIONS AND INVENTIONS 1780: Oliver Evans, built flower mill operated by water-power. 1820: Samuel Sellars Jr. created a machine that twisted woolen yarn. 1830: Merchants in Cincinnati, created a slaughterhouse that processed hogs 334,000 a year hogs by Also, coal burning steam engines, produced iron, brass and copper. Samuel Colt invented the six-shooter revolver.

FIRST FACTORY Samuel Slater ( ) 1790: Invented a machine that spun cotton, taken from a British model. A speed at which cotton can be spun into yarn. The beginnings of American Industrial started in Pawtucket Rhode Island.

NEW ENGLAND Eli Whitney ( ) Grew up in a New England farm family. Age 14 Fashioned nails and knife blades. Later built a simple machine that separated seeds in a cotton ball.

FACTORY SYSTEM Increased productivity. Outwork system- rural men and women earned money by taking in jobs from factories, typified early industrialization. Began with outwork system then transitioned into the factory system. Factory system- work done on a large scale in one central area.

LOWELL SYSTEM In Lowell Massachusetts, opened in 1823, The town and factory, named after Francis Cabot Lowell. Preferred young girls because it paid less than men. Referred to as the “Lowell girls”. Girls lived in boarding houses, with strict rules.

LOWELL CONTINUED.....  Lowell returned to america with plans to reinvent the power loom of British factory system.  The town, Lowell  -17,000  -nine factories  -employing 7,800  -1 million yards of cloth per week.  The “Lowell Offering”.  mills, employing 8,800 women, and 4,400 men producing 2.25 million yards of cotton a week.

LOWELL CONTINUED.....  Lowell Female Labor Reform Association.  First trade unions of industrial women, in the U.S. Founded by Lowell cotton mill workers.

CHARACTERISTICS AND IMPACTS  Wider system of credit for entrepreneurs', to secure capital.  Men had a new role as “boss”.  Women were free from domestic service and parental control.  Instead of working on farms that depended on seasons there was such thing as work time.  Wages were changed to per hour.

REFERENCES  Henretta, James. America's History. 7. Boston: Bedford/Martins,.  Foner, Eric. Give me Liberty!. 1. New York: Norton &Company,  Bender, David. The Industrial Revolution. 1. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1998  Brands, H.W. American Colossus. 1. New York: Doubleday,  "Economic Growth and the early Industrial Revolution." U.S History. Independence Hall Association, Web. 21 Nov