IMPERIALISM HWH UNIT 8 CHAPTER 12.1

What is Imperialism? The “New Imperialism” ◦ European domination of the culture, economy, and government of much of Africa and Asia

“ Old ” vs. “ New ” Imperialism OLD 16 th -18 th Centuries Major Nations: ◦ Spain ◦ France ◦ England ◦ Portugal Colonized the Western Hemisphere ◦ The Americas Coastal Africa & Asia Based on tradeNEW 19 th -early 20 th Century Major Nations: ◦ Britain ◦ Germany ◦ France ◦ Italy ◦ Japan Focused on Africa and Asia Full control

“ Old ” vs. “ New ” Imperialism 1800: Europeans control 7% of the world ’ s territory 1914: Europeans control 84% of the world ’ s territory ◦ The British Empire  25% of the world ’ s population and 20% of its land by 1900  “ The Sun Never Sets on the British Empire ”

Motives for Imperialism Read the following documents and make a list of motives for imperialism: ◦ “The White Man’s Burden” ◦ “The Rise of our East African Empire” ◦ “Some Quotes on Imperialism”

Motives for Imperialism Economic ◦ Natural Resources ◦ Markets

Motives for Imperialism Nationalism

Motives for Imperialism Humanitarian and Religious Motives

Motives for Imperialism Social Darwinism

“I contend that we are the first race in the world and that the more of the world we inhabit the better it is for the human race. I contend that every acre added to our territory provides for the birth of more of the English race, who otherwise would not be brought into existence… I believe it to be my duty to God, my Queen, and my country to paint the whole map of Africa red, from the Cape to Cairo. That is my creed, my dream, and my mission. -Cecil Rhodes

Motives for Imperialism Technological Superiority

Forms of Imperial Rule Direct Rule ◦ Europeans sent their own citizens to rule Indirect Rule ◦ Europeans used local leaders to rule  Encouraged indigenous ruling class to be educated in Europe and “westernize” ◦ Protectorate  Local leaders were left in place, but were puppets of the Europeans Sphere of Influence ◦ Political rule was ignored ◦ Europeans claimed exclusive trading rights