Blood & circulation

Circulation Your body resembles a large roadmap, There are routes or “arteries” that take you downtown to the “heart” of the city.

3 Major Parts of the Circulatory system Heart – pumps or pushes blood through body Blood Vessels - routes blood travels Blood – carries important “ *stuff ” through body * Stuff – includes oxygen, food, & waste

Bicuspid Valve (mitral) Superior Vena Cava Aorta Pulmonary Valve Pulmonary Artery Right Atrium Left Atrium Aortic Valve Tricuspid Valve Bicuspid Valve (mitral) Left Ventricle Right Ventricle Inferior vena cava Septum

The Heart 4 chambers ( or compartments ) 2 upper chambers : Left Atrium Right Atrium 2 lower chambers : Left Ventricle Right Ventricle

Heart Parts and Functions Superior Vena Cava – vein that carries blood from the parts of the body above the heart to the right atrium. (head, neck, arms, and chest) Inferior Vena Cava – vein that carries blood returning from the rest of the trunk, the viscera, and legs. Right Atrium –collects blood returning to the heart from the superior and inferior vena cavas and delivers it to the right ventricle. Tricuspid Valve – a valve that extends from the sides of the openings between the right atrium and right ventricle composed of three tendinous cords. It regulates a one-way blood flow from the right atrium to the right ventricle, preventing any backflow of blood. Right Ventricle –Propels blood through the pulmonary (toward the lungs) arteries.

Heart Parts and Functions Pulmonary Artery – Large artery that receives blood from the right ventricle and carries it toward the lungs where gas exchange occurs (blood drops off Co2 and picks up Oxygen) Pulmonary Veins – After gas exchange occurs at the lungs, these left and right veins empty blood into the left atrium. Left Atrium – Receives blood from the left and right Pulmonary veins Bicupid Valve (Mitral) – Permits the flow of blood from the left atrium into the left ventricle, allowing no backflow of blood.

Heart Parts and Functions Left Ventricle –Receives blood from the left atrium and propels blood toward the ascending aorta through the aortic semilunar valve. Aorta – Large artery that receives and carries blood away from the left ventricle and into the circulatory system (Ascending and Descending) Interatrial Septum – divides the right and left atria. Interventricular Septum - Divides the right left ventricles.

The Flow of Blood through the Heart How the Heart Works The Flow of Blood through the Heart Step 1--- Blood Enters the Right Side of the Heart from the Superior and Inferior Vena Cava. Step 2--- The Blood Passes through the: Right Atrium Right VentriclePulmonary ArteryLungs Step 3---Then Blood leaves the: LungsLeft AtriumLeft VentricleAortathru Body

If you listen to your heartbeat, it makes a lub dub sound. The lub is when blood is pushed out of the heart into the body and the dub is the reloading of the heart with more blood ready to push it out to the body

Blood Flow through the Human Body Blood with little oxygen is pumped from the Right Atrium through a valve to the Right Ventricle and through another valve into the Pulmonary Vein. The Pulmonary Vein sends it to the Lungs to pick up Oxygen. It’s sent from the Lungs through Pulmonary Arteries to the Left Atrium through a valve to the Left Ventricle. The Left Ventricle sends it through a valve to the Aorta. The Aorta is a series of branches that sends oxygenated blood throughout the body.

Heart Rate can be determined using a Stethoscope

Heart Facts Hold out your hand and make a fist. If you're a kid, your heart is about the same size as your fist, and if you're an adult, it's about the same size as two fists. Your heart beats about 100,000 times in one day and about 35 million times in a year. During an average lifetime, the human heart will beat more than 2.5 billion times. Give a tennis ball a good, hard squeeze. You're using about the same amount of force your heart uses to pump blood out to the body. Even at rest, the muscles of the heart work hard--twice as hard as the leg muscles of a person sprinting.

# 1 Blood Vessels : One Way Streets Blood Vessels resemble very long and skinny tunnels that are all through your body.

* Click on each blood vessel to explore its function in circulation

Your Blood is made of Plasma Red Blood Cells Liquid part of blood They carry oxygen to all parts of the body

White Blood Cells Fight and kill germs that may enter your bloodstream

Platelets Form “scabs” when you cut yourself Helps stop the bleeding

Blood Types There are 4 main Blood Types: Type A, Type B, Type AB, and Type O Dr. Charles Drew * click on link for history of the Blood Bank