UNFICYP UN RESOLUTION 186 (1964) Marianna Fumagalli e Mounia Drissi IUIES MaIPO – Peace Keeping course by prof Davide Berruti

Why? UN Resolution started out of treaties between Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot parties in 1960 UN saw the Cyprus conflict as a threat to the international peace and security

The Resolution 1.UN called upon its member States to conform in their obligations and UN Charter whereby they should not worsen the situation or endanger international peace 2.Gvt of Cyprus was asked to actively participate to stop violence 3.UN required cooperation from Cypriot communities and leaders 4.UN recommended the creation of a United Nations Peace Keeping Force in Cyprus (with periodical reports to UNSC) 5.The Force will contribute to the restoration of law and order, international peace and security 6.3 months period funded by Gvts, Gvt of Cyprus and voluntary contributions 7.UN proposed a facilitated mediation (with periodical reports to UNSC) 8.Mediator and staff paid by UN (  they represent UN!)

THE IDEA OF NEUTRALITY IN THE RESOLUTION Both conflicting parties agreed on it After more than 30 years UNFICYP is not considered neutral by Turkish Cypriots  2008 negotiations still go on

CIVILIAN ASPECTS OF THE CRISIS MANAGEMENT 1964 UN Resolution (humanitarian function)  PEACEKEEPING 1974 UNFICYP Creation of a Buffer Zone (humanitarian and economic function)  PEACEKEEPING 1998 Creation of the Civil Affairs Branch  PEACEBUILDING WHO: civilian, military, civilian police and support personnel (under UN control)  UNPOL (United Nations Police) first contact point between civilians

CIVILIAN ASPECTS OF THE CRISIS MANAGEMENT More focused on peacekeeping but some economical aspects considered Less involved in the Turkish Cypriot part because of the origin of the funds - Costs of the mission  WHY? Funded only by UN and Cyprus contribution, no money from the Turkish part Intervention of UNDP into a “secure scenario”

EFFECTIVENESS SUCCESSFUL ACTIONS FAILED ACTIONS UN succeeded in creating the adequate environment for the UNDP to intervene (safe and secure environment ready to benefit from development programmes) 2008 negotiations still go on  no achievement in the negotiations Maintaining PeaceGreek population don’t feel so much secure about the opening of crossing points (living together)

Proposal for the future Involving more Cypriots organizations in peace building activities (UN, Greeks and Turkish all agree!)

Marianna Fumagalli e Mounia Drissi MaIPO Cyprus's nose grows longer [because of lies]... - Anon: How are you? - Cyprus: Just fine dandy.