Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biodiversity beyond National Jurisdiction Marine Protected Areas in Areas beyond National Jurisdiction - Non-exclusive Summary of Discussion -

DESIGNATION PROCESS  science-driven and evidence-based process; using globally/internationally accepted criteria (e.g. CBD/EBSAs; FAO/VMEs; IMO/PSSA)  clear objectives needed; degree/level of protection  larger scale of integrated, ecosystem-based planning for protection and sustainable use of marine biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction desirable  not to be impeded by lack of data/information (“use of proxy-data”)  important role for regional institutions, processes and initiatives; however, flexibility required regarding initiating proposals  important to have a scientific and technical gateway  requires global political endorsement Marine Protected Areas beyond National Jurisdiction

INSTITUTIONAL LANDSCAPE  to the extent possible build upon existing institutions and processes (global & regional)  to be activated, structured, coordinated, harmonized  yet: existing interests; incomplete coverage  consider expanding mandates/scope of existing institutions  overarching global mechanism required to coordinate existing institutions and processes  need to be reactive to emerging challenges Marine Protected Areas beyond National Jurisdiction

GLOBAL ENTITY  global body required to (a) oversee implementation and compliance, (b) coordinate existing institutions and processes, (c) address gaps  requirements:  legal and political legitimacy  credible, independent, unbiased  accountable to states  financial resources  none of the existing institutions meets all requirements Marine Protected Areas beyond National Jurisdiction

MANAGEMENT  globally coordinated & regionally driven  responsibility of states  harmonize management processes & avoid duplication of efforts  setting standards, accountability, overall monitoring of compliance at the global level  day-to-day management at the regional level, where practicable; consider establishing regional bodies where non-existent  use existing frameworks/models for enforcement; existing authorities to continue deliver their functions  address gaps; consider collective enforcement strategies & platforms  management and enforcement issues go beyond “MPAs” Marine Protected Areas beyond National Jurisdiction

IMPLEMENTING AGREEMENT?  to provide a framework - under UNCLOS - for roles, processes, criteria, etc. & to address gaps beyond jurisdiction of states  to set out globally accepted principles  ensure common denominator with chapeau to group existing mandates  scope broader than MPAs  form to be thoroughly considered (IA; treaty; application of guidelines/guidance)  compliance & enforcement to be carefully considered  sharing & transfer of knowledge and technology Marine Protected Areas beyond National Jurisdiction