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Do Nothing (Ignore the Risk) Tectonic disasters are extremely difficult to predict which is why one of the responses is to do nothing. Many people continue to live near active volcanoes and near to active fault lines usually because an eruption or earthquake hasn’t occurred recently. The city of Kagoshima is inhabited by almost 700,000 residents and lies just a few kilometres from the mount of Sakura-jima in Japan. This do nothing attitude could be due to a lack of knowledge about the dangers that these hazards pose or populations may be unaware that there are any risks at all.

Attempt to prevent the hazard

Tsunami Prevention Although there is no way of preventing a tsunami from occurring, there are however ways which it can be prevented from being a hazard/disaster and having an effect on humans; Costal defences Costal defences are aimed to keep the waves at bay and prevent them from ever reaching the in land. Kamaishi on Japan's north eastern coast is the worlds largest seawall which stands at 63m from the ocean floor and stretches 1,960 metres across the bay-protecting a lot of people. The idea is that this wall will deflect the tsunami preventing it from reaching residents behind it. However, in Japan, March, 2011 a 9 magnitude earthquake was triggered causing 4m high waves which surged over the top. This suggests that costal defences are in affective as this was the worlds largest one which failed. However, it can be argued that this lessoned the devastation by breaking the initial wave meaning the tsunami couldn't strike at fill force

Volcano prevention Modifying the Event: -Lava Diversion. Diverts lava flow away from human impact, preventing it from becoming a disaster barrier Back at Mount Etna, an eruption in March 1983 threatened three towns. Barriers of rock and ash were constructed in an attempt to divert the lava. "They were trying to slow it down and direct it downhill," Dr Nawotniak says. One of the first barriers, 18m high and 10m wide, was overrun, but a second barrier blocked lava from moving further west. This kept the flow from reaching the main tourist area of Etna on the eastern side of a valley. - Cool it with water As the water hit the superheated rock, it turned into steam, allowing the lava's heat to dissipate the 1970s on the Icelandic island of Haimey. Lava from the Eldfell volcano threatened the island's harbour and the town of Vestmannaeyjar 1.5 billion gallons (6.8 billion litres) of water were used As a result the harbour was saved

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