By Anthony Sanchez, Jose Espinoza, Jarrod Warren & Alex Knaggs Anatomy Presentation By Anthony Sanchez, Jose Espinoza, Jarrod Warren & Alex Knaggs

Endocrine system diagram Parts of the Endocrine system and their locations.

Endocrine Glands Ductless or tubeless organs or groups of cells that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Hormones Chemical substances that help regulate many of your bodies functions.

Adrenal Glands They help the body deal with stress and respond to emergencies. This is done by regulating the bodies salt and water balance.

Thyroid Glands Produces hormones that regulate metabolism, body heat, and bone growth. Also regulates the way cells release energy from nutrients.

Parathyroid gland Produces a hormone that regulates the body’s balance of calcium and phosphorus.

Pituitary gland Regulates and controls the activities of all other endocrine glands.

Pancreas A gland that serves both the digestive and the endocrine systems. Helps to regulate Glucagon and produce Insulin.

Thymus Regulates development of the immune system.

Pineal gland Secretes the hormone melatonin, which is thought to affect the onset of puberty, and regulates sleep cycles.

Hypothalamus Links the endocrine system and the nervous system and stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete hormones.

Ovaries Female reproductive glands that produce egg cells.

Testes Male reproductive glands that produce sperm for fertilization.

Pituitary glands 3 Lobes; Anterior lobe This is the front lobe and it produces somatotropic or growth hormones, thyroid stimulating hormone(ACTH), and follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH) and luteinizing hormone(LH).

Pituitary glands 3 lobes; Intermediate lobe The middle lobe that secretes melanocyte-stimulating hormone(MSH) which controls darkening of the skin.

Pituitary gland 3 lobes; Posterior lobe The rear lobe that secretes antidiuretic hormone(ADH) which regulates the balance of water in the body.

Adrenal glands 2 parts; Adrenal cortex This secretes a hormone that inhibits the amount of sodium excreted in urine and maintains blood volume and pressure. Also secretes hormones that aid in the metabolism of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates. Affects the bodies response to stress and the immune response and sexual function.

Adrenal glands 2 parts; Adrenal medulla The smaller inner region that is controlled by the hypothalamus and the autonomic nervous system. Secretes epinephrine(Adrenaline) and norepinephrine. Epinephrine increases heartbeat and respiration, raises blood pressure, and suppresses the digestive process during periods of high emotion.

Hormone Vocabulary Somatostatin: causes the pituitary gland to stop the release of growth hormone Growth hormone: stimulates the growth of bone and tissue. Deficiency in children results in growth failure, deficiency in adults results in probably maintaining muscle and bone mass. Thyroid stimulating hormones: Stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones. Adrenocorticotropin hormone: stimulates the adrenal gland to produce steroid related hormones Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH): Hormones that control sexual function and production of the sex steroids Prolactin: Hormone that stimulates milk production in females

Hormone Vocabulary Corticordsteroids: manages metabolism, salt and water content in the body, the immune system, and sexual function Catecholamines: hormones that help the body deal with physical and emotional stress. Melatonin: may help regulate the sleep-wake cycle of the body. Testosterone: male hormone that affects the development of male characteristics Estrogen and progesterone: female hormones controlling the development of female characteristics Insulin and glucagon: regulate blood glucose level.

Questions In what general area of the body is the thyroid gland located in? What gland controls all the other glands? What are the two parts of the adrenal gland? What does insulin do? What do endocrine glands do?

Questions continued 6) What do hormones do? 7) What does the adrenal gland do? 8) What two systems does the hypothalamus connect? Why are sex organs part of the endocrine system as well? What gland secretes melatonin?