3.2.5 On-Site Land Tenure Improvement in the Philippines: The Case of Slum Upgrading Program in Quezon City, Philippines 1 UPA Package 3, Module ON-SITE LAND TENURE IMPROVEMENT IN THE PHILIPPINES: THE CASE OF SLUM UPGRADING PROGRAM IN QUEZON CITY PHILIPPINES

3.2.5 On-Site Land Tenure Improvement in the Philippines: The Case of Slum Upgrading Program in Quezon City, Philippines On-Site Land Tenure Improvement in the Philippines: The Case of Slum Upgrading Program in Quezon City, Philippines Understand the situation of the beneficiaries before the slum upgrading program. Analyze slum upgrading as an approach/strategy to on- site development in enhancing tenure security and improving the lives of the beneficiaries. Discuss the problems met and lessons learned in the process of program implementation. Determine the effects of slum upgrading on land tenure and the socio-economic condition of the beneficiaries. Objectives

3.2.5 On-Site Land Tenure Improvement in the Philippines: The Case of Slum Upgrading Program in Quezon City, Philippines 3 Background Brief description of the study area Situation before the slum upgrading program Features of the slum upgrading program Effects of slum upgrading program Problems encountered Lessons learned Lesson Contents

3.2.5 On-Site Land Tenure Improvement in the Philippines: The Case of Slum Upgrading Program in Quezon City, Philippines 4 Quezon City has a land area of 16,112 hectares, or one-fourth of Metro Manila, with population of 2.17 million Quezon City has 480,624 families in 2001 with 158,237 families as informal settlers Lot 5 is a community in barangay San Antonio, Quezon City, a former informal settlement area The Study Area (Lot 5)

3.2.5 On-Site Land Tenure Improvement in the Philippines: The Case of Slum Upgrading Program in Quezon City, Philippines 5

6 Lot 5 was formerly owned by a private individual Start of occupation in Lot 5 started as early as 1950s Quezon City government purchased lot in 1984 for expansion of a public elementary school Situation Before Slum Upgrading

3.2.5 On-Site Land Tenure Improvement in the Philippines: The Case of Slum Upgrading Program in Quezon City, Philippines 7 Limited accessibility due to narrow and unconcretized road Poor housing materials Poorly maintained drainage system Limited capacity of elementary school Characteristics of Lot 5

3.2.5 On-Site Land Tenure Improvement in the Philippines: The Case of Slum Upgrading Program in Quezon City, Philippines 8 Program Beneficiaries 151 households who already owned houses in the area at the time of slum upgrading Beneficiaries excluded renters Features of Slum Upgrading

3.2.5 On-Site Land Tenure Improvement in the Philippines: The Case of Slum Upgrading Program in Quezon City, Philippines 9 Program Components Land tenure improvement with reblocking Construction of basic infrastructure such as access roads Construction of community facilities

3.2.5 On-Site Land Tenure Improvement in the Philippines: The Case of Slum Upgrading Program in Quezon City, Philippines 10 Program Implementation Urban Poor Affairs Office (UPAO) mandated to design and implement socialized housing resettlement programs for Quezon City Task Force for the Control, Prevention and Removal of Illegal Structures and Squatting (COPRISS) tasked to enforce demolition and conviction orders

3.2.5 On-Site Land Tenure Improvement in the Philippines: The Case of Slum Upgrading Program in Quezon City, Philippines 11 Security of Tenure Reblocking led to more equitable lot sizes (30-39 square meters) Assurance of land titles upon satisfactory payment of amortization No more fear of eviction Improved Acessability Safer and more pleasant walk But no change in travel time Effects of Slum Upgrading

3.2.5 On-Site Land Tenure Improvement in the Philippines: The Case of Slum Upgrading Program in Quezon City, Philippines 12 Bigger sizes of housing units Adding one more floor Usually adding one more room Improved quality of housing units Improved materials of roofs and walls Change from makeshift to stronger materials

3.2.5 On-Site Land Tenure Improvement in the Philippines: The Case of Slum Upgrading Program in Quezon City, Philippines 13 Improved economic situation Additional floor space used for small business and room for rent Resulted to improved income among households Improved social condition More sanitary environment Better health condition More children able to access school

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3.2.5 On-Site Land Tenure Improvement in the Philippines: The Case of Slum Upgrading Program in Quezon City, Philippines 15 By Implementers Limited funds of city government Resistance of beneficiaries on the project By Beneficiaries Reluctance among some beneficiaries due to ‘mistakes’ in lot measurement Confusion on the exact value of land amortization Limited time allocated to move existing structures before actual reblocking Lack of consultation among beneficiaries Problems Met

3.2.5 On-Site Land Tenure Improvement in the Philippines: The Case of Slum Upgrading Program in Quezon City, Philippines 16 Advantages of adopting on-site development approach Importance of community participation in the process Need to sustain gains from slum upgrading program Lessons Learned