Ion Chromatography HCO 3 - /CO 3 2- Eluent Eluant M NaHCO M Na CO 23 ~2 ml/min flow Pump ,000 psi 1,000 nominal Check for air bubbles Sample Loop Sample in Syringe or from Autosampler Waste 50 ul Inject Valve Sample Guard Column Separator Column RNR 3 + HCO Cl - RNR 3 + Cl - HCO RNR 3 + CO 3 = + SO 4 = 2RNR 3 + CO 3 = + SO 4 = 4 = Cl - NO 3 - "R" = latex resin particle Conductivity Detector + - Na + HCO Cation Exchange Membrane H + Na + H CO 2 3 Anode Cathode - H O 2 + O OH - H Computer/Integrator Self Regenerating Anion Suppressor time Chromatogram Cl - F - SO 4 = NO 3 - water dip Conductivity (uS) PO 4 3- PO

Degas Eluant Quaternary Pump ,000 psi 1,650 psi nominal Sample Loop Sample in Syringe or from Autosampler Waste 100  l Inject Valve Sample Guard Column Separator Column RNR 3 + OH - + Cl - RNR 3 + Cl - OH - + 2RNR 3 + 2(OH - ) + SO RNR SO 4 2- Cl - NO 3 - "R" = latex resin particle Conductivity Detector + - Na + OH Cation Exchange Membrane H+H+ Na + H2OH2O Anode Cathode OH Computer/Integrator Self Regenerating Anion Suppressor time Chromatogram Cl - F-F- SO 4 2- NO 3 - Conductivity (  S) PO Ion Chromatography OH - Eluent 40 mM NaOH Degas Eluant DI Water SO OH - H2OH2O H2OH2O O2O2 H2H2 PO 4 3- CO 3 2-

Eluent He Gas To Pump Pump Mode He Gas To Pump Degas Mode Eluent

Conductivity Detector + - Na + OH Cation Exchange Membrane H+H+ Na + H2OH2O Anode Cathode OH H2OH2O H2OH2O O2O2 H2H2 - - NO 3 - H+H+ ~ pH 10 ~ pH 3

Latex Bead OSO 3 - +H3N+H3N NH 3 + OSO 3 - +H3N+H3N NH 3 + OSO 3 - +H3N+H3N NH 3 + OSO 3 - +H3N+H3N NH 3 + OSO 3 - +H3N+H3N NH 3 + OSO 3 - +H3N+H3N NH 3 + OSO 3 - +H3N+H3N NH 3 + OSO 3 - +H3N+H3N NH 3 + OSO 3 - +H3N+H3N NH 3 + OSO 3 - +H3N+H3N NH 3 + OSO 3 - +H3N+H3N NH 3 + OSO 3 - +H3N+H3N NH 3 + OSO 3 - +H3N+H3N NH 3 + OSO 3 - +H3N+H3N NH 3 + OSO 3 - +H3N+H3N NH 3 + OSO 3 - +H3N+H3N NH 3 + OSO 3 - +H3N+H3N NH 3 + OSO 3 - +H3N+H3N NH 3 + OSO 3 - +H3N+H3N NH 3 + OSO 3 - +H3N+H3N NH 3 + OSO 3 - +H3N+H3N NH 3 + OSO 3 - +H3N+H3N NH 3 + OSO 3 - +H3N+H3N NH 3 + OSO 3 - +H3N+H3N NH 3 + OSO 3 - +H3N+H3N NH 3 + OSO 3 - +H3N+H3N NH 3 + OSO 3 - +H3N+H3N NH 3 + OSO 3 - +H3N+H3N NH 3 + SO 4 2- OH - Cl - OH -

time Suppressed IC Conductivity (  S) time Non-Suppressed IC Conductivity (  S)