Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 1 Chapter 2 Organization of the Body
Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 2 Learning Objectives Name the body systems and their functions. Identify body cavities and specific organs within them. List the divisions of the back. Identify three planes of the body. Analyze, pronounce, and spell new terms related to organs and tissues in the body.
Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 3 Organization of the Body Cells Individual units found in all parts of the human body Tissues Similar cells grouped together to do a specific job Organs Structures composed of several kinds of tissue Systems Groups of organs working together to perform complex functions.
Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4 Body Cavities and Organs Cranial --Organs include brain Thoracic--Organs include lungs and heart Abdominal –Organs include stomach, small and large intestines, spleen, pancreas
Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 5 Body Cavities and Organs (cont'd.) Pelvic –Organs include the urinary bladder, ureters, urethra, rectum and anus, and the uterus Spinal –Spinal column and nerves of the spinal cord
Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 6 Body Cavities
Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 7 Anatomical Divisions of the Back Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Sacral Coccygeal
Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 8 Anatomical divisions of the back (cont’d.)
Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 9 Planes of the Body –Frontal –Sagittal –Transverse
Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 10 Planes of the Body
Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 11 Word Elements Combining Forms examplesmeaning abdomin/oabdomen anter/ofront bronch/o bronchial tubes cervic/oneck of the body or neck (cervix) of the uterus chrond/ocartilage
Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 12 Combining Forms (cont.) examplesmeaning coccyg/ococcyx, tailbone crani/oskull epitheli/oskin, surface tissue esophag/oesophagus hepat/oliver lapar/oabdomen
Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 13 Combining Forms (cont.) examplesmeaning laryng/olarynx later/oside lumb/oloin (waist) lymph/olymph mediastin/o mediastinum
Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 14 Combining Forms (cont.) examplesmeaning pelv/opelvis peritone/operitoneum pharyng/opharyngeal pleur/opleura poster/oback, behind
Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 15 Combining Forms (cont.) examplesmeaning sacr/osacrum spin/ospine thorac/ochest trache/otrachea vertebr/overtebra