Circulation and Respiration Chapter 2 Vocabulary Cardiovascular System Heart, Blood and Blood Vessels Vein Artery carries blood to the heart blood carried away from the heart

Section 1: The Cardiovascular System Pulmonary Circulation Systemic Circulation blood flows from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart blood flows from the heart to all parts of the body and back to the heart

The Cardiovascular System Section 1 The Cardiovascular System The heart is the organ made mostly of cardiac muscle. Heart The Cardiovascular System: 1. Helps maintain homeostasis. 2. Helps in regulation by chemical signals called hormones. cardiac 1. What is the Heart muscle called?_____________ ligament

Veins: Vein carries blood to the heart Valves in the veins keep the blood 
from flowing backward. 1. Veins keep the blood flowing. 2. Veins carry blood to the heart. 1. What carries blood to the heart?_____________ veins oxygen http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GbttJ-5do9M Click on the blue button to watch a video on the Heart.

Arteries have thick walls that contain muscle. blood carried away from the heart Artery Arteries: Arteries have thick walls that contain 
muscle. 1. Artery walls stretch. 2. Arteries are strong to stand pressure. 1. What do the walls do in the artery?________________ stretch break strong 2. Arteries stand pressure because they are?___________________ weak

Section 2: Blood Blood Blood Pressure fluid that carries nutrients and wastes force of blood

Blood fluid that carries nutrients and wastes The fluid part of the blood is called Plasma. Plasma contains: 1) Red blood cells 2) White blood cells 3) Platelets Red blood cells take oxygen to every cell in your body. Red Blood Cells Hemoglobin is an oxygen-carrying protein. Platelets are pieces of larger cells found in bones. White blood cells keep you healthy by destroying pathogens. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vEmsaXA-go0 Click on blue button to watch a video on blood and platelets.

Blood pressure is given as two numbers: force of blood Blood pressure cuff Blood pressure is given as two numbers: Systolic: 1st number: is the pressure inside large arteries when the ventricles contract. Diastolic: 2nd number: is the pressure inside arteries when the ventricles relax. Each person has one of four blood types: A, B, AB, O Click on the blue button to watch a video on the heart. http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/videos/humanbody/heart.html

Section 3: The Lymphatic System The Lymphatic System collects excess fluid and returns it to your 
bloodstream. Bone Marrow Tonsils soft tissue inside the bone lymphatic tissue at the back of the mouth on either side of the tongue

Most red and white blood cells are produced in your bone marrow. soft tissue inside the bone Bone Marrow Most red and white blood cells are produced in your bone marrow. Bone marrow is located inside the bone. 1) Where is bone marrow located?_________ inside outside blood cells 2) What is produced in the marrow?_________ lymph nodes http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P_d0ykpzQgY Click the blue button to watch a video on how the blood pumps. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xpsGsfuffEM Click the blue button to watch a video on red blood cells.

Tonsils help the body defend against infection. lymphatic tissue at the back of the mouth on either side of the tongue Tonsils Tonsils help the body defend against 
infection. Sometimes tonsils can become sore and 
swollen. If a child has frequent infections or has 
enlarged tonsils, a doctor will remove the 
tonsils. 1) What helps your body against infection?_______________ tonsils healthy eating

Section 4: The Respiratory System The process where the body gets oxygen and releases carbon dioxide Respiration Pharynx Throat The part of the throat that contains the vocal cords Larynx The tube that connects the larynx to the lungs Trachea

Respiration Breathing: Inhaling & Exhaling Cellular Respiration The process where the body gets oxygen and releases carbon dioxide Respiration Breathing: Inhaling & Exhaling Cellular Respiration - You need to breathe to live. - Chemical reactions that release 
energy from food. 1) What do you need to live?________________ breathing a dog 2) What do you inhale?______________ oxygen carbon dioxide 3) What do you exhale?____________ carbon dioxide Blowing up a balloon is exhaling. oxygen

Pharynx Throat Food and drink travel through the pharynx on the way to the stomach. A) The pharynx branches into two tubes. B) One tube is the esophagus and the other is the larynx. C) The esophagus leads to the stomach. D) The larynx leads to the lungs. esophagus 1. What tube leads to the stomach?_____________ lungs

1 Larynx The part of the throat that contains the vocal cords The vocal cords are a pair of elastic bands that stretch across the larynx. A) Muscles connected to the larynx control how much the vocal cords are stretched. B) When air flows between the vocal cords, the cords vibrate. C) These vibrations make sound. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xH8mT2IQz7Y Click on the blue button to watch a video on sound. 1) Why do vocal cords vibrate?____________ air flow larynx liquid flow 2) What makes sound?______________ vibrations elastic bands

Trachea The Trachea is also known as your windpipe. The tube that connects the larynx to the lungs Trachea The Trachea is also known as your windpipe. A) Your body has two, large spongelike lungs. B) The trachea is the passageway for air traveling from the larynx to the lungs. 1) What is the passageway for air?____________________ trachea esophagus 2) the trachea is also known as the?___________________ windpipe esophagus