FASCISM RISES IN EUROPE Benito Mussolini Adolf Hitler

Objectives How did Benito Mussolini transform Italy into a Fascist State? Why did the Weimar Republic fail? How did Adolf Hitler become an important figure in Germany? How did the Nazis use power in Germany?

Create this chart on your paper and fill it in as you go through this lesson Hitler Mussolini Method of taking power Style of Leadership Handling of economic crisis Goals

Imagine Imagine how you would feel if your government told you what music you could and could not listen to. Imagine if they told you that you were not allowed to go to college or that you had to join certain groups, or have a certain job. Welcome to Totalitarian Governments

SO JUST WHAT IS FASCISM? ABSOLUTE LOYALTY TO THE STATE ABSOLUTE LOYALTY TO THE LEADER EACH CLASS HAS ITS OWN PLACE OUR LEADER GUIDES OUR STATE FASCISTS WORE UNIFORMS TO SHOW THEIR UNITY AND STREGNTH MANY USED BRUTAL METHODS TO STOP THE OPPOSITION

WHY DID FASCISM RISE? Millions lose faith in democracy “Mob Rule is criticized.” Germany and Italy are upset with the Treaty of Versailles Economic Depression throughout Europe frustrate and impoverish millions. All we need is a “strong leader” The Myth of the Past versus the Present

The Trouble with Treaties

The Treaty and Germany

Mussolini comes to power Rising inflation, unemployment, and lack of territorial gains in 1919 lead Italy to Mussolini He was a newspaper editor and politician who promised to rescue Italy As he gained power, he became known as Il Duce meaning, The leader. He abolished democracy and outlawed all political parties but Fascists. He claimed he would rebuild the armed force and rebuild the economy He vowed to give Italy strong leadership He founded the Fasciast Party in 1919. His popularity increased as the economy got worse He used Terror to scare off opponents

MUSSOLINI COMES TO POWER

The Fuhrer is Supreme Hitler wants control over every aspect of German Life He turned to press, radio, literature, painting and film as propaganda tools. Books that did not conform to Nazi beliefs were burned in large bonfires Schoolchildren had to join the Hitler Youth and the League of German Girls He believed in Social Darwinism

HITLER TAKES OVER

THIS SOUNDS STUPID!: HOW DID THE PEOPLE FALL FOR IT? HYPNOTIC SPEAKERS CLOUDED THE ISSUES AND MESMORIZED MILLIONS PEOPLE FELL FOR SIMPLE SOLUTIONS TO DIFFICULT PROBLEMS THE “SHEEP” FACTOR IN LOVE WITH THE PAST ANTI-SEMITISM AND RACISM ALLOWED TO FLOURISH

AND WHEN IT WAS ALL OVER… MILLIONS MORE WOULD DIE…..AGAIN

Answers to the chart Hitler Mussolini Method of taking power Appointed chancellor Appointed by king Style of Leadership Became dictator Handling of economic crisis Revived economy Took control of economy Goals Sought to regain lost lands and take more over Wanted Italy to return to its ancient greatness