Unit 9: World War II (1937 – 1945) See unit outline Goal #1: Understand how war began and the major military events

Goal #2: Reflect on the HUMAN COST of war. See unit calendar – Memorial Museum project What does human cost mean? Reflect on the following quotes. What do they tell you about “human cost”? One death is a tragedy; one million is a statistic. - Stalin “Human beings are foolish. Thanks to…those who traffic in war, the earth is never at peace. Wheat pushes its shoots up through the winter frost, only to be trampled again and again. But the trampled wheat sends strong roots into the earth and grows straight and tall. And one day that wheat bears fruit.” – Keiji Nakazawa - atomic bomb survivor

What do you see on this chart that could be different than WWI?

The Holocaust: one example of “human cost” What do you already know about the Holocaust? What do you already know about Hitler? Guest speaker – Herbert Heller: 2 nd period – Monday 6 th period – Next Tuesday

The Decline of Democracy in Europe After WWI The rise of two Dictators: Mussolini (Fascist) and Hitler (German Fascism = Nazism)

Totalitarian Ideologies on the Rise after WWI Fascism, Nazism & Communism Similarities: All promote extreme nationalism and obedience to authority All outlaw political opposition and freedom of speech All used propaganda, secret police & indoctrination techniques All used military force to bully and/or annex foreign “enemies” Differences: Communism utilizes a “command economy” not capitalism Fascism & Nazism did not promise a classless society

COMMUNISM (Dictatorial Socialism) Political Freedom DEMOCRATIC CAPITALISM DEMOCRATIC SOCIALISM FASCISM & NAZISM (Dictatorial Capitalism) Political Control Economic Control Economic Freedom Economics vs Political Policies of Democratic & Totalitarian Governments

MUSSOLINI and FASCISM

Discuss: What aspects of the video illustrate the characteristics of fascism listed in the chart? Assignment #1: What is Fascism Reading & Mussolini Rise to Power Documentary Notes Take notes on: What did Mussolini want for Italy and what did he do?

Let’s rewind….. Why would Germany be suffering from “national low self-esteem” afterWWI? Why might FASCISM be attractive to Germans at this time? Read your character sheet. Would your character be in favor of Fascism? WHY?

Assignment #2: Watch video clips (Story of the 3 rd Reich Parts 1 &2) and briefly explain how these images relates to the rise of Hitler & the Nazi Party

Take notes while you watch – be prepared to write photo reflection Major events A couple notes about what your character would think of these events – would they have elected Hitler?