What is the difference between LAVA and MAGMA?

LAVA is liquid rock on the outside of a volcano, and MAGMA is liquid rock inside a volcano.

Name one TYPE of volcano

COMPOSITE SHIELD CINDER

Volcanoes form on the edge of continental plates where another plate is trying to: A. Crash into it B. Ride over it C. Slide underneath it

C. Slide underneath it

What is the study of ROCKS called?

PETROLOGY

Name 3 ways ROCKS can be records to our planet’s past?

1. Where rivers have flowed 2. Where inland seas were located 3. Where glaciers existed

List and Spell the 3 ROCK TYPES

IGNEOUS METAMORPHIC SEDIMENTARY

IDENTIFY THIS ROCK

CHLORITE SCHIST

What is the only rock that floats?

Pumice

Why does Pumice float?

It’s density is less than water because of all of its holes.

IDENTIFY THIS ROCK

SLATE

What does porous mean?

Full of holes

What type of rock is Pumice? Sedimentary? Igneous? Metamorphic?

Igneous

IDENTIFY THIS ROCK

MARBLE

What is the difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks?

Extrusive igneous rocks cool quickly from on the outside of a volcano, and intrusive igneous rocks cool slowly deep inside the earth near a magma chamber.

Is Pumice extrusive or intrusive?

Extrusive

Is obsidian extrusive or intrusive?

Extrusive

Is granite extrusive or intrusive, and how do you know?

Intrusive, because it has big minerals that you can see.

What is the fastest cooling rock, and why does it cool so fast?

Obsidian, because it forms from hot lava that was exposed to cold water and the rock formed instantly.

Name 3 things that rocks can be made of?

1. Sediment 2. Fossils 3. Organic material 4. Other rocks 5. One mineral type 6. Mixture of minerals

IDENTIFY THIS ROCK

MICA SCHIST

IDENTIFY THIS ROCK

PHYLITE

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QUARTZITE

IDENTIFY THIS ROCK

Pumice

What type of rocks are IGNEOUS rocks before they become igneous rocks?

METAMORPHIC rocks that melted and became magma or lava

What is another word for liquid rock?

MAGMA or LAVA

IDENTIFY THIS ROCK

Basalt

Where did an EXTRUSIVE igneous rock form?

Above the Earth’s surface from a volcano’s lava that cooled

If I cannot see nice and big crystals in my IGNEOUS rock, Did the rock cool FAST or SLOW?

FAST, above the Earth’s surface from cooling lava

Name any two IGNEOUS rocks

GRANITE BASALT OBSIDIAN GABBRO PUMICE

Why can it be more difficult to see igneous rocks even though they are the most abundant rock of the Earth’s crust?

They are often covered by sedimentary rocks

IDENTIFY THIS ROCK

Gabbro

What is the most abundant IGNEOUS rock?

GRANITE

Which one would most likely make igneous rocks with BIG MINERALS? LAVA or MAGMA

MAGMA (formed underground)

IDENTIFY THIS ROCK

Granite

What type of rock involves burial and cementing of mud, Gravel, silt, or sand?

Sedimentary Rock

What is weathering AND what forces can cause weathering?

The break down of rock by wind, water, waves, animals, people

IDENTIFY THIS ROCK

CONGLOMERATE

How does sediment make its way to the sea?

Rivers

IDENTIFY THIS ROCK

Obsidian

Name 4 types of sediment (not sedimentary ROCKS)

Gravel, silt, sand, mud

IDENTIFY THIS ROCK

SHALE

Which type of sediment has the smallest sediment size?

mud

What unique things can be found in sedimentary rocks that are biotic, and cannot be found in the other two rock types?

Fossils

70% of rocks found on Earth are sedimentary. Why do you think this is so?

70% of Earth is water and sedimentary rock form in water

IDENTIFY THIS ROCK

LIMESTONE

Name 2 types of sedimentary rocks

Limestone Sandstone Shale Conglomerate

What are clasts?

Large pieces of broken sediment with jagged edges

Where do Metamorphic Rocks form?

Deep inside the Earth

IDENTIFY THIS ROCK

SANDSTONE

What does metamorphosis of rock mean?

Complete change of character, appearance, or condition resulting in recrystallization and chemical make-up of the original rock

Name one common use of a specific rock

Granite = Kitchen countertops Flint = starting fires Marble = Buildings and statues Pumice = exfoliation of skin