The British in India AIM: How did imperialism effect India and create Indian Nationalism? Do Now: Define the following terms What is Empire? An extensive group of states or countries under a single supreme authority, formerly esp. an emperor or empress. What is Imperialism? A policy of extending a country's power and influence through political,economic, and social measures. What is Colonialism? The policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically.

General Phases of India 1420s-1750s: Mughal Empire Early 1600s: East India Co. arrives in India 1857 Indian (Sepoy) Mutiny (Great Rebellion) 1858: Direct Rule begins - Raj 1880s-1919: (very limited political concessions) 1919-onward: Mass Nationalist Movements 1947: Independence and Partition

The World in 1600

British East India Company Agents 1-E

Coins of the British East India Co coin 1804 coin 1719 coin 1804 coin

Coffee House in British India

Sepoy soldiers 1-F

Why was Britain so successful in India by the end of the 18 th Century? 1-I

Sir Warren Hastings 1st Governor-General of India, from 1773 to 1785.

India in mid-18c

Lord Cornwallis r Remember Me? I Lost the Colonies in America at Yorktown

British Soldiers in India, 1830s

Outlawing Suttee (sati) An ancient Indian tradition of the setting on-self on fire for a widow on her husband's funeral pyre (fire)

Fighting the Thuggees Was a religious cult and an organized gang of professional assassins who traveled in groups across India for several hundred years. Estimates of the total number of victims vary widely, depending on the author's idea of the length of existence of the Thugs (for which there are no reliable sources). According to the Guinness Book of Records the Thuggee cult was responsible for approximately 2,000,000 deaths, while British historian Mike Dash estimates that they killed 50,000 persons in total, based on his assumption that they only started to exist 150 years before their eradication in the 1830s. British used modern police tactics including detective work, informants, and reporting across regions in India to end this violent groups work.

British Opium Warehouse in Patna, India Selling Patna Opium in China

Lord Dalhousie r Consolidated East India Company rule in India Destroyed the East India Company 's financial and military position through reckless policies. Laid the foundations of the Indian Rebellion of 1857 (Sepoy Mutiny) Led the final transformation of profitable commercial operations in India into a money-losing colonial administration. His period of rule in India directly preceded the transformation into the Victorian Raj period of Indian administration.

India: 18c-early 19c

Sir Raghubir Singh, Maharaja of Bundi

The Maharaja of Pannah

The Palace of the Nawab of Moorshedabad, Bengal

The Sepoy Mutiny: A

Sepoy Mutiny, 1857 One of the most well-known uprisings during the British colonization of India was a mutiny of the native troops known as "sepoys". When it began on Sunday, May 10, 1857 the Sepoy rebellion was a complete surprise to the British, many of whom were "blind to the unrest that had been created, in part, by the rapid imposition of direct British control over two-thirds of India"

The Seige of Lucknow

Execution of Sepoys: “The Devil’s Wind” 2-B

1876: Queen Victoria Becomes “Empress of India” 2-D

Queen Victoria in India PAX BRITANNICA

Queen Victoria: Receiving the Crown of India

Sikhs – Bengal Cavalry of the British Army 2-E

15 th Ludhiana Sikhs, 1889

Assorted British Soldiers, 1890s

Bengal Medical Service, 1860

A Life of Leisure !

Br. Viceroy’s Daughter: Simla, 1863

Lady Curzon, 1904

Living Like a Maharajah

Darjeeling Railroad, 1880s

Simla: Little England in the mountains of India

Karachi, 1896

Procession of the Rajahs, New Delhi, 1902

Victoria Station, Bombay

Chartered Bank of Calcutta, 1915

Theosophical Library – Madras, 1913

What were the BENEFITS of British rule in India? 2-F

2-G What were the major LIMITATIONS of British rule in India??

The Indian National Congress  1885  The Indian National Congress was founded in Bombay.  swaraj  “independence.” * the goal of the movement.

Bal Gangadhar Tilak

Jawaharlal nehru

The Muslim League  1905  partition of Bengal based on religions and languages.  1906  creation of the Muslim League.

Mohammed Ali Jinnah

Young Mohandas K. Gandhi,

Gandhi with the london vegetarian society, 1890

Gandhi as a Young Barrister in Natal

Gandhi as a Lawyer in Johannesburg, So. Africa

Gandhi and His Wife, Kasturba, 1915

Amritsar Massacre, dead; over 1200 wounded!

Salt March, 1930 Making Salt

Gandhi spinning cloth Indian weaving was ruined by the competition of British machine-made textiles!

Gandhi and His Grandaughters, 1947

Last Viceroy of India Lord Louis & Lady Edwina Montbatten

Partition!