Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Business Plug-In B5 Networks and Telecommunications
5-2 Overview O NETWORKS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS O Network Basics O Architecture O Topology O Protocols O Media
5-3 NETWORK BASICS O Telecommunication system - Enable the transmission of data over public or private networks O Network - A communications system created by linking two or more devices and establishing a standard methodology in which they can communicate
5-4 NETWORK BASICS O The three types of networks include: O Local area network (LAN) O Metropolitan area network (MAN) O Wide area network (WAN)
5-5 NETWORK BASICS
5-6 NETWORK BASICS O Networks are differentiated by the following: O Architecture - peer-to-peer, client/server O Topology - bus, star, ring, hybrid, wireless O Protocols - Ethernet, Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) O Media - coaxial, twisted-pair, fiber-optic
5-7 ARCHITECTURE O There are two primary types of architectures O Peer-to-peer (P2P) network O Client/server network
5-8 Peer-to-Peer Networks O Peer-to-peer (P2P) network - Any network without a central file server and in which all computers in the network have access to the public files located on all other workstations
5-9 Client/Server Networks O Client - A computer that is designed to request information from a server O Server - A computer that is dedicated to providing information in response to external requests O Client/server network - Model for applications in which the bulk of the back-end processing takes place on a server, while the front-end processing is handled by the clients
5-10 Client/Server Networks O Network operating system (NOS) - The operating system that runs a network, steering information between computers and managing security and users O Packet-switching - Occurs when the sending computer divides a message into a number of efficiently sized units called packets, each of which contains the address of the destination computer O Router - An intelligent connecting device that examines each packet of data it receives and then decides which way to send it onward toward its destination
5-11 Client/Server Networks O Client/Server network
5-12 Client/Server Networks O Worldwide router growth
5-13 TOPOLOGY O Network topology - Refers to the geometric arrangement of the actual physical organization of the computers and other network devices) in a network O Bus O Star O Ring O Hybrid O Wireless
5-14 TOPOLOGY
5-15 PROTOCOLS O Protocol - A standard that specifies the format of data as well as the rules to be followed during transmission O Interoperability - The capability of two or more computer systems to share data and resources, even though they are made by different manufacturers
5-16 Ethernet O Ethernet - A physical and data layer technology for LAN networking
5-17 Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol O Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) - Provides the technical foundation for the public Internet as well as for large numbers of private network
5-18 Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol O TCP/IP applications O File transfer protocol (FTP) O Simple mail transfer protocol (SMTP) O Hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) O Simple network management Protocol (SNMP)
5-19 Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol
5-20 Voice over IP (VoIP) O Voice over IP (VoIP) - Uses TCP/IP technology to transmit voice calls over long-distance telephone lines
5-21 MEDIA O Network transmission media - Refers to the various types of media used to carry the signal between computers O Wire media (guided) O Wireless media (unguided)
5-22 Wire Media O Wire media - Transmission material manufactured so that signals will be confined to a narrow path and will behave predictably O Three most commonly used types include: 1. Twisted-pair wiring 2. Coaxial cable 3. Fiber optic (or optical fiber)
5-23 Wire Media
5-24 Wireless Media O Wireless media - Natural parts of the Earth’s environment that can be used as physical paths to carry electrical signals
5-25 EBUSINESS NETWORKS