Libertyville High School

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Presentation transcript:

Libertyville High School Qin and Han Dynasties Libertyville High School

The Qin (Chin) Dynasty (242-202 BC) Arose out of the Time of Warring States Took title of Shi Huangdi (First Emperor) Applied legalist philosophical methods to run state

Qin Dynasty Strategy Destroy power of other warlords “Strengthen the trunk, weaken the branches” Commanded nobility to live in capital city Confiscated lands, weapons of nobility

Qin Dynasty Silenced criticism Centralized government power Murdered hundreds of Confucian scholars Burned books NOT about medicine and farming Centralized government power Massive forced labor on road building project Strict regulation of currency, law – even length of wagon axis

Qin Dynasty: Results Unified virtually all of modern day China Building projects Great Wall Massive tomb

Great Wall of China Zhou rulers had built many small walls vs. nomads Shi Huangdi was determined to link walls Built by forced labor of 100,000s of peasants Choice: work or die Many who died became “fill” for wall Over 1,400 miles long (long way to go around!)

Huangdi’s Tomb Terra Cotta soldiers created to serve emperor in death Individualized faces, based on real soldiers of army Location lost until 1974

Fall of Qin Dynasty Regime was horribly unpopular High taxes & repressive government Scholars were either killed or forced into hiding Poor were worked to death on public projects Shi Huangdi died and a peasants revolt broke out; Han Dynasty set up in 202 BC

Han Dynasty (202 BC-220 AD) Considered the greatest period of Chinese history Liu Bang, a former Qin policeman, became leader of peasant revolt 202 BC: revolt successful, Bang set self up as emperor

Han Government Based on Confucian principles Goal was the unification of China Accomplishments Lowered taxes Established civil service Han Officials (above); nobles (below)

Han Government Civil service created Jobs no longer depended on who you knew Initiated civil service exam, based on Confucian ideas Now, best person got job, not best connected Today, Chinese refer to selves as “People of Han”

Han Technology Paper, based on wood pulp (105 AD) Hydraulic power (bellows of steel mill) Steel, combining wrought and cast iron Scientific explanations of lunar & solar eclipses

Silk Road From 138 BC, Han emperors ordered patrols of trade routes into Central Asia Began sending diplomats to other states Received envoys from Romans! Trade route reached Mediterranean shore

Fall of Han Dynasty Emperors became weak, disinterested in fairness Peasant rebellions, nobles joined in Han lost control Civil war for next 350 years