Understanding Be joyful and sing as you come in to worship the Lord! (Psalm 100:2)

Music and the Arts “The arts have long been part of the Christian tradition. They express our deepest desires to create, desires which I believe come from God. They show us an alternative way of being; they become another way to experience God.” (Christine Johnson) “Our challenge is to be open to see, hear, and sense God’s presence at every turn – then take the risk to trust the Spirit’s song, dance and journey for our lives. Music, dance, drama, prose, poetry, cinema, and all the visual arts can help us reconnect to our deepest selves and to God’s intention for the entire human family and all of creation.” (Jim Strathdee)

The Spirituality of Music “Music’s power dwells not in the tones but in the echoes of our hearts.” (Oliver Wendell Holmes) “Making music together is a mutual recognition that we are, however briefly and fleetingly, communicating – with one another and with the universe – on a level that is both deeper than words and broader than the human intellect; that we are more than the sum of our parts; and that we are indeed being briefly touched by the hand of God” (John Bird)

1. Comes from the life of faith of a congregation a) Expresses that faith -each congregation has a culture, local tradition, set of practices repertoire of songs that define its uniqueness. -these represent how the community expresses its faith past and present. b) Forms that faith - the willingness of a community to explore new musical challenges will help form its future faith 3 Principles of Church Music

2. Draws its power from those who participate in its creation a)music is an artistic event -each time a piece of music is performed, something new is created, unlike a completed artistic work such as a painting or sculpture. - those who play and sing a composer’s music make it their own, bringing it to life with their personal and collective energy. b)musicians and singers set the standard of excellence -those with gifts and skills for playing instruments and singing need the discipline and commitment to provide the best music they are able. -this comes about by a willingness to learn new material, rehearse and lead the congregation musically.

3. Provides a cohesive element in worship a)Worship is framed and connected by music -each section of liturgy has the possibility of musical affirmations and responses. -hymns comment on the worship themes and provide a personal reflection of faith. b)Music can reinforce the theme of worship -carefully chosen songs can enhance the message of Scripture. -Music can enhance the worship atmosphere and create an environment where God can be honored and praised. (Carlos D. Caldwell, Jr.)

Types of Church Music Traditional 1. Hymns: - a tradition of congregational participation -from the Protestant Reformation came the need for people to sing familiar or easy-to-learn melodies and words in their own language that taught Christian doctrine and values. -generations of hymn writing provide a rich resource for today’s worshipers. - an expression of individual and collective faith - “Congregational singing puts the Christian faith on the tongues of the people, letting it work its way down to the soul.” (Greg Scheer) - “The favorite hymns of a person or a community are not ‘about’ the faith of the people; they are their faith!” (Linda M. Clark)

2. Anthems -stirring hymns performed by a choir. -often taken from the standard repertoire or special music written for choral performance.

Gospel 1.Revivalist -late 19 th / early 20 th century evangelical music on themes of salvation and the Christian life. 2. Praise and Worship -contemporary pop/rock Christian music often accompanied by a band popular with today’s younger generations.

Contemplative 1. Taizé -meditative music from the Taizé community in the south of France. -repetitive melodies and text encourages a contemplative atmosphere often supplemented by soft lighting and peaceful surroundings. 2. Iona -Celtic Christian music from the community of Iona, Scotland. -an ancient spiritual tradition with lyrical melodies and contemplative texts.

International Christian music -experience the Christian faith through the music of peoples from around the world. -Voices United and More Voices have extensive collections from countries in North and South America, Asia, the South Pacific, Caribbean, Europe, Britain & Ireland, Africa and the Middle East.

Instrumental Music 1. Keyboards (organ, piano) -these instruments are able to back up choral and congregational singing by playing the full range of vocal and harmony parts. -usually played by trained musicians. -can provide incidental music throughout a worship service (i.e. Introit, offering).

2. Orchestra, band -large congregations may have enough musicians to support a band for praise and worship or an orchestra for traditional music to accompany the choir or perform on their own.

Leadership in Church Music Those providing leadership in church music should -Be sensitive, respectful and knowledgeable about a congregation’s musical culture (the way it sings its faith). -Have musical competence through training and experience. -Be open to a wide variety of different musical styles. -Be able to move the congregation forward with new material introduced consistently and gradually. -Offer a balanced repertoire of songs for Sunday worship. -Work closely with ministry personnel to create a cohesive worship experience for the congregation.

Into the Future From Modern to Post-Modern a) Cultural shift -‘Modern’ era (late 18 th -20 th centuries) valued knowledge, individualism, observation, word, logic; ‘Post-Modern’ era (21 st century) values experience, community, participation, image, story. -21 st century worshipers want a multi-sensory experience of God. They seek to participate wholeheartedly in a community of believers. b) Implications - Music is taking on a central role in today’s worship, much as preaching did in past generations. -Openness to explore different styles of music, even within the same service, is desirable and encouraged.

When you meet together, sing psalms, hymns, and spiritual songs, as you praise the Lord with all your heart. (Ephesians 5:19)

Bibliography Bird, John. The Spirituality of Music. Kelowna, BC: Northstone, an imprint of Wood Lakes Publishing Inc., Caldwell, Jr., Carlos D. The Ministry of Music: Precepts, Principles, Procedures. AuthorHouse, Clark, Linda J. Music in Churches: Nourishing Your Congregation’s Musical Life. Herndon, VA: The Alban Institute, Scheer, Greg. The Art of Worship: A Musician’s Guide to Leading Modern Worship. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books, Wehlander, Keri K., ed. Creating Change: the Arts as Catalyst for Spiritual Transformation. Kelowna, BC: Copper House, an imprint of Wood Lakes Publishing Inc., 2008.

Researched and produced by Roy Bortolotto Kennedy, SK S0G 2R0 In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the January 2012 Learning Circle major project, Designated Lay Ministry (DLM) diploma program at Calling Lakes Centre, Ft. Qu’Appelle, SK.

Hymns Used During Presentation Introduction – VU 245 “Praise the Lord the Sound of Trumpet Slide 7 – Hymns: a) a tradition of congregational participation VU 220 Praise the Lord, the Almighty, v.1, 4 b) an expression of individual and collective faith MV 161 I Have Called You by Your Name, v.1, 4 Slide 8 – Anthems: VU 327 All Praise to Thee, v.1, 5 Slide 9 – Gospel: a) revivalist (late 19th/ early 20th century evangelical) VU 337 Blessed Assurance, v.1, 3 b) praise and worship (contemporary pop/rock Christian) VU 412 This is the Day, v.1, 3

Slide 10 – Contemplative: a) Taize spirituality VU 466 Eat this Bread (twice) b) Iona Celtic spirituality MV 42 Praise God for this Holy Ground, v.1, 2 Slide 11 – International: Africa MV 104 Know That God is Good (Swahili & English) China MV 5 Holy Spirit, You’re Like the Wind, v.1, 2