July 21 st 1899 – July 2 nd 1961

Born in Oak Park, Illinois One of six children Participated in numerous high school sports First published at age 17

Hemingway’s Generation Hemingway wished to enlist in the military, but his parent’s objections and his poor eyesight prevented him from attempting to join up. In 1918, Hemingway served briefly as an ambulance driver in Italy. After only a short time serving, he was injured by mortar shrapnel, and was not able to return to duty.

Hemingway moved to Paris in 1921 with his wife Hadley. By 1926 he had divorced Hadley and married his second wife, Pauline. He met and befriended several authors there, including Ezra Pound, Gertrude Stein, and F. Scott Fitzgerald, who had just published The Great Gatsby, and was already considered a success. These authors and other Americans who chose to live in Europe at the time were called “expatriates.” Gertrude Stein is credited with naming this group a “lost generation”

Why “lost?” Imagine that you dream to serve….. …to fight for your country and come home a hero…

…and the reality of war is not exactly what you expected.

Hemingway served in the war, but spent the majority of his time in an army hospital. The WWI era was a time of great social change in America. Hemingway and many soldiers returning to the U.S. had a difficult time readjusting to life in the states.

Picture waving goodbye to your mom and dad in 1915, and they look like this: By the time you get back in 1919, they look like this.

Seriously. Is a guy who grew up expecting the dating scene to look like this… …supposed to know how to deal with women like this?

In 1923, Hemingway witnessed his first bull fight in Pamplona, Spain. He was fascinated with this ancient blood sport, and even began learning the craft himself. He used these experiences to write The Sun Also Rises.

Hemingway published Sun in 1926, and Farewell in Critics loved his crisp, bold style. His mother was embarrassed by how frankly he discussed sexual matters in his novels.

Passion: Women 4 wives!

Elizabeth Hadley Richardson Married Hemingway after less than one year of dating Their life in Paris is chronicled in A Moveable Feast Produced one son: “Bumby”

Pauline Pfeiffer Hemingway’s women overlap…met her while still married to Hadley Key West Two sons: Gregory and Patrick Another affair & divorce

Hemingway in Key West, FL Avid fisherman Denizen of “Sloppy Joe’s” Modern Day Hemingway Look- Alike Contest 1930s – While married to Pauline

Wife #3 Martha Gellhorn

Martha Gellhorn He was single for three weeks before marrying Gellhorn Journalist herself Resented the title “Hemingway’s 3 rd Wife” (Wanted her own notoriety) She cheated

Wife #4 Mary Welsh

Civil War in Spain For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940)

World War Two

World War II Returned to France and worked as a war correspondent Often over-stepped his bounds: 'Hemingway got into considerable trouble playing infantry captain to a group of Resistance people that he gathered because a correspondent is not supposed to lead troops, even if he does it well.'

Final Novel The Old Man and the Sea (1952) Nobel Prize

Passions: Hunting

Passions: Dangerous Sports

Passions: Writing

Short Stories Nick Adams Stories “Men Without Women” (1927) “The Fifth Column and the Forty-Nine Stories” (1938) “The Snows of Kilimanjaro” “Hills Like White Elephants” “The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber”

Passions: CUBA - Purchased “Finca Vigia” in 1939

Passions: Alcohol Battles alcoholism, depression

Death: Front page of New York Times July 2, 1961

Hemingway’s Late Life Troubles: Things are not always as they seem. Hemingway suffered from severe clinical depression at a time when there were not drugs available to control its effects like we can today. The Hemingway that took his own life in 1961 simply was not the same man he was in his early years.

“All you have to do is write one true sentence”

His writing style “Do not worry. You have always written before and you will write now. All you have to do is write one true sentence. Write the truest sentence that you know.” Hemingway, A Moveable Feast

“He was a genius, that uneasy word, not so much in what he wrote as in how he wrote; he liberated our written language.” 3 rd wife, Martha Gellhorn

A “Hemingway” Short Story For Sale. Baby shoes. Never worn. Although he didn’t write this story, it has been attributed to him over the years. It can be considered an example of his “type” of writing. What do you notice? What do you, the reader, have to do in order to understand what’s going on?

Static sentences Photographic "snapshot" style to create a collage of images Short sentences build one on another; events build to create a sense of the whole. Multiple strands exist in one story; an "embedded text" bridges to a different angle. He also used other cinematic techniques of "cutting" quickly from one scene to the next; or of "splicing" a scene into another. Intentional omissions allow the reader to fill the gap

Style – Fitzgerald vs. Hemingway The Great Gatsby When I came home to West Egg that night I was afraid for a moment that my house was on fire. Two o’clock and the whole corner of the peninsula was blazing with light, which fell unreal on the shrubbery and made thin elongating glints upon the roadside wires. Turning a corner, I saw that it was Gatsby’s house, lit from tower to cellar. At first I thought it was another party, a wild rout that had resolved itself into “hide- and-go-seek” or “sardines-in-the-box” with all the house thrown open to the game. But there wasn’t a sound. Only wind in the trees, which blew the wires and made the lights go off and on again as if the house had winked into the darkness. The Sun Also Rises In the morning, I walked down the Boulevard to the Rue Soufflot for coffee and brioche. It was a fine morning. The horse-chestnut trees in the Luxembourg gardens were in bloom. There was the pleasant early-morning feeling of a hot day. I read the papers with the coffee and then smoked a cigarette. The flower- women were coming up from the market and arranging their daily stock. The first six sentences of Chapter 5 in each novel

Hemingway’s style: Direct, simple statements. Irony Sarcasm Understatement “Iceberg Theory” Characters reflect what is known as the “Hemingway Code”

The “Hemingway Code” Hero lives by the following criteria: Take risks! Be a man of action, not words! React “properly” to dangerous, life-threatening situations. Don’t be afraid to arrange these situations by yourself…by participating in dangerous sports, like bullfighting! Show grace under pressure—never let them see you sweat! Believe that there is a proper way to do almost all of life’s important activities. Know what this “proper way” is at all times. Appreciate the deep beauty and purity of nature and sports. Be highly skilled in at least one particular field or activity, and have a bit of flair when you perform this activity. Live passionately! Seek pleasure! Food! Women! Wine! Possess NO self-pity. Never lose control in public, and never discuss personal problems or beliefs. Be very loyal to your like-minded friends. Never allow yourself to be controlled by anyone—especially a woman! Take what life has to offer. Ignore danger! Know the difference between illusion and reality. Ignore pain. Know who’s “in” and who’s “out.” Be the ultimate “insider.”

Hemingway’s Impact His hotel room in Pamplona (running of the bulls) is booked until 2040!

Ernest Hemingway’s rugged, masculine good looks set female fans “aquiver,” according to Dorothy Parker (one of Hemingway’s contemporaries). His passion for hunting, boxing, and bull fighting made him an interesting and romantic character to all audiences. He lived by the code.