Drama is a form of literature written to be performed on stage in front of an audience. The two main types of drama are c omedy and t ragedy. List as many.

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Drama is a form of literature written to be performed on stage in front of an audience. The two main types of drama are c omedy and t ragedy. List as many examples of comedies and tragedies that you can think of. Be sure to identify what you think makes them fall into the category of “ comedy” or “ tragedy.”

Comedy: drama characterized by a humorous or satirical tone; characters overcome adversity or ultimately triumph Tragedy: drama characterized by tragic events and having an unhappy ending concerning the downfall of a main character

playwright: a person who writes plays protagonist: the main character in a play antagonist: a character working against the main character character list: brief descriptions of all characters, listed in the order in which they appear setting: time and place plays are divided into acts and scenes Acts are the main (bigger) divisions Acts are then divided into scenes (smaller divisions)

prop: a portable object other than furniture or costumes used on the set of a drama stage direction: an instruction in the text of a play; usually indicates movement, position, tone of an actor, or the sound effects and lighting written in by the playwright (teacher moves to right, picks up tissue box, slams it to the floor and exits room through main door)

dialogue: conversation between two or more characters monologue: a long speech by one character Good Will Hunting soliloquy: an act of speaking one’s thoughts aloud when by oneself or regardless of anyone else hearing aside: a remark or passage by characters in a play intended to be heard only by the audience, not the other character Malcolm in the Middle Saved By the Bell

Using your notes, fill-in the blanks, by defining, and turn in! Prop- Dialogue- Aside- Setting- Character List-

What is the role of theatre in modern-day society? Ancient Greece?

part of religion way of displaying loyalty to city-state method of honoring local heroes social event philosophical issues thrilling competition

Theater Actors and Costumes Lighting and Props Dramatists Tragedy/Tragic hero

15,000 spectators- Theater of Dionysus exaggerated gestures were necessary last row was 55 yards from the stage rebuilt using stone, but originally crafted in wood

The Evolution of the Early Theatrical Space From Religious Ceremony to Performance

The Greek Outdoor Amphitheatre

Two major performance areas- The Orchestra or “Dancing Circle” served as the primary acting area The Orchestra or “Dancing Circle” served as the primary acting area

The Skene (scene building)- consisted of a building behind the orchestra probably used as a dressing room, later to be integrated into the stage action by an innovative playwright.

Greek Scenic Devices Periaktoi- a revolving triangular devices with one scene painted on each side. Periaktoi- a revolving triangular devices with one scene painted on each side.

Tunnel from behind the Skene to the center of the stage. Scenic wagons revealed through doors on the Skene. Pinakes painted panels that could be attached to the skene. Tunnel from behind the Skene to the center of the stage. Scenic wagons revealed through doors on the Skene. Pinakes painted panels that could be attached to the skene. The Machina- a crane that was used to represent characters who were flying or lifted off of the earth. Deus ex Machina- “God From the Machine” Deus ex Machina- “God From the Machine”

NO GIRLS ALLOWED! Masks of wool, linen, wood, plaster Robes for tragic actors Conventional costumes for chorus

Open-air Natural lighting Few props symbols action off-stage

Festival of Dionysus= drama competition Aeschylus (es ka lus), Sophocles, Euripides, Aristophanes Retold myths, rewrote history, ridiculed politicians Comedy and drama

Fall of a great man/woman Central to tragedy Middle of the road Audience learns through character and examines himself/herself

 Is it always better to know the truth, no matter what the consequences? Why or why not?  Provide examples from literature, pop culture, history, or personal experience.  You are asked to answer this question in one paragraph.

 What were some of the purposes that theater served in ancient Greece?

Chorus (group of actors) danced and sang hymns to Dionysus Thespis, lyric poet, introduced single actor, separate from chorus Dramatist, Aeschylus, added second actor Sophocles, his rival, added a third Drama was born!

lived in fifth century B.C.- “Golden Age of Greece” time of great cultural and political achievement fellow citizens loved him! born to a wealthy family from Colonus, near Athens handsome, athletic, skilled in music taught by great philosophers, musicians studied Aeschylus 28: entered drama competition honoring Dionysus 1st prize: beat Aeschylus

120+ plays 24 won 1st Dionysia only 7 plays survive intact Oedipus the King singled out as finest play of classical period

What walks on four legs in the morning, on two at noon, and on three in the evening?

REVIEW for tomorrow’s Quiz!!!!

_________ : drama characterized by a humorous or satirical tone; characters overcome adversity or ultimately triumph _________ : drama characterized by tragic events and --- having an unhappy ending concerning the downfall of a main character __________: a person who writes plays __________ : the main character in a play __________: a character working against the main character ________________ : brief descriptions of all characters, listed in the order in which they appear

setting includes ___________ and ___________ __________: a portable object other than furniture or costumes used on the set of a drama what was the purpose in ancient Greece? ___________: an instruction in the text of a play; usually indicates movement, position, tone of an actor, or the sound effects and lighting written in by the _____________ why are they so important to a play?

Explain the differences between a monologue, soliloquy and an aside. What purposes did drama serve in ancient Greece? Briefly explain the “birth” of drama.