Game Programming Loading assets, Materials, Lighting & Shading, Camera, Game Loop, Input Handling Informatics Engineering University of Brawijaya Eriq Muhammad Adams J. eriq.adams@ub.ac.id

Agenda Loading assets Materials Lighting & Shading Camera Game Loop Input Handling Sky Demo

Loading Assets JME3 comes with a handy asset manager that helps you keep your assets structured. assets/Interface/ assets/MatDefs/ assets/Materials/ assets/Models/ assets/Scenes/ assets/Shaders/ assets/Sounds/ assets/Textures/ build.xml src/... dist/...

Add box image texture “BrickWall.jpg” Loading Assets (cont.) Loading Textures Add box image texture “BrickWall.jpg”

Loading Assets (cont.) Load default font Loading Texts and Fonts

Loading Assets (cont.) Load Ogre Model Loading an Ogre XML Model

Loading Assets (cont.) Loading Assets From Custom Paths Load Local Zip File Loading Assets From Custom Paths Load Zip File via HTTP

.obj model didn’t came with materials Loading Assets (cont.) Ogre XML (.mesh.xml) and JME Binary (.j3o) Model included with Materials included Load models with materials Load models without materials .obj model didn’t came with materials

Loading Assets (cont.) Load Ogre Scene How to export OgreXML scenes from Blender to JME: https://docs.google.com/fileview?id=0B9hhZie2D-fENDBlZDU5MzgtNzlkYi00YmQzLTliNTQtNzZhYTJhYjEzNWNk&hl=en

Materials Default Materials Definition (in jme/core-data/Common)

Create Unshaded Material Materials (cont.) Simple Unshaded Texture Create Unshaded Material

Materials (cont.) Transparent Unshaded Texture Create Unshaded Material Activate Transparency

Materials (cont.) You have to use lit material to get nice looks. n a lit material, the standard texture layer is referred to as Diffuse Map, any material can have it. A lit material can additionally have lighting effects such as Shininess used together with the Specular Map layer, and even a realistically bumpy or cracked surface with help of the Normal Map layer.

Materials (cont.)

Materials (cont.) Create Lighting Material Set Diffuse Map Texture Set Normal Map Texture Set Shininess

Lighting & Shading JME 3 has three types of light : point light, ambient light, directional light, and spot light. A PointLight has a location and shines from there in all directions as far as its radius reaches, like a lamp. The light intensity decreases with increased distance from the light source. Create Point Light

Lighting and Shading (cont.) A DirectionalLight has no position, only a direction. It is considered “infinitely” far away and sends out parallel beams of light. It can cast shadows. You typically use it to simulate sun light. Create Directional Light

Lighting and Shading (cont.) An AmbientLight influences the brightness of the whole scene globally. It has no direction and no location, and does not cast any shadow. SpotLight is WIP (Work In Progress) … Create Ambient Light

Lighting and Shading (cont.) BasicShadowRenderer, Use the Shadow Renderer to make textured scene nodes cast and receive shadows. http://code.google.com/p/jmonkeyengine/source/browse/trunk/engine/src/test/jme3test/light/TestShadow.java Switch Off default Shadow and Add BasicShadowRenderer Scene Processor

Lighting and Shading (cont.) Then you need set shadows for every scene that need shadows

Lighting and Shading (cont.) PSSM shadow renderer, The PSSM shadow renderer can cast real-time shadows on curved surfaces. To activate it, add a jME SceneProcessor named com.jme3.shadow.PssmShadowRenderer to the viewPort

Lighting and Shading (cont.) You can set the following properties on the pssmRenderer object: setDirection(Vector3f) – the direction of the light setLambda(0.65f) – Factor to use to reduce the split size setShadowIntensity(0.7f) – shadow darkness (1 black, 0 invisible) setShadowZextend() – distance how far away from camera shadows will still be computed Then you need set shadows for every scene that need shadows http://code.google.com/p/jmonkeyengine/source/browse/trunk/engine/src/test/jme3test/light/TestPssmShadow.java

Camera JME 3 have 3 types of built-in camera : Default Camera, FlyBy Camera, Chase Camera. Default Camera, The default com.jme3.renderer.Camera object is cam in com.jme3.app.Application. Has default settings. Width and height are set to the current Application's settings.getWidth() and settings.getHeight() values. Frustum Perspective: Frame of view angle of 45° along the Y axis Aspect ratio of width divided by height Near view plane of 1 wu Far view plane of 1000 wu Start location at (0f, 0f, 10f). Start direction is looking at the origin.

Camera (cont.)

Camera (cont.) FlyBy Camera, The flyby camera is an extension of the default camera in com.jme3.app.SimpleApplication. It is preconfigured to respond to the WASD keys for walking forwards and backwards, and for strafing to the sides. Move the mouse to rotate the camera, scroll the mouse wheel for zooming in or out. The QZ keys raise or lower the camera.

Camera (cont.)

Camera (cont.) Chase Camera, jME3 also supports a Chase Cam that can follow a moving target Spatial (com.jme3.input.ChaseCamera).

Camera (cont.) Multiple Camera Views, You can split the screen and look into the 3D scene from different camera angles at the same time. In this example, we create four views (2×2) with the same aspect ratio as the normal view, but half the size.

Camera (cont.) Setup first view Setup 2nd – 4th view

Camera (cont.) Resizing and positioning viewport. See TestMultiViews.java

Game Loop Initialization (simpleInit()) If exit is requested, then cleanup and destroy Input handling (listeners) Update game state Application States update User update (simpleUpdate() method) Entity logical update (Custom Controls) render Application States rendering Scene rendering User rendering (simpleRender() method) Repeat (goto 2)

Input Handling 3 types input handling that JME 3 support : Keyboard, Mouse, and Joystick. Type of Trigger :

Input Handling (cont.)

Input Handling (cont.) Add trigger mapping One trigger One Action Multiple Trigger One Action

Input Handling (cont.) Create Listeners, JME 3 has 2 type of listeners : com.jme3.input.controls.AnalogListener Use for continuous and gradual actions. Examples: Walk, run, rotate, accelerate vehicle, strafe, (semi-)automatic weapon shot JME gives you access to: the name of the triggered action. a gradual value between 0-9 how long the key has been pressed. com.jme3.input.controls.ActionListener Use for absolute “pressed or released?”, “on or off?” actions. Examples: Pause/unpause, a rifle or revolver shot, jump, click to select. a boolean whether the key is still pressed or has just been released.

Input Handling (cont.) Register Mappings to Listeners, To activate the mappings, you must register them to the Listener.

Input Handling (cont.) Implements Action

To Create Sky Box set sphere boolean value to false You can use any Node as sky, even complex sets of geometries and quads with animated clouds, blinking stars, city skylines, etc. But, if you want a simple method use SkyFactory in JME 3. To Create Sky Box set sphere boolean value to false

Demo DemoScene.zip