FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT (711-1492) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32)

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FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32)

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class Franks stop Moors in Fr. (FC.40)

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class Franks stop Moors in Fr. (FC.40) Colder climate in NW

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class Christian Kingdoms of Portugal, Leon, Castile, & Leon survive in North Franks stop Moors in Fr. (FC.40) Colder climate in NW

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class Christian Kingdoms of Portugal, Leon, Castile, & Leon survive in North Franks stop Moors in Fr. (FC.40) Ummayad Abd al-Rahman, fleeing fr. Abassids, takes over in 756 Colder climate in NW

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class Christian Kingdoms of Portugal, Leon, Castile, & Leon survive in North Franks stop Moors in Fr. (FC.40) Ummayad Abd al-Rahman, fleeing fr. Abassids, takes over in 756 Highly centralized rule & cultural golden age centered at Cordoba ( ): Extensive irrigation projects, & industries  Thriving ec. Library with 400,000 books Take title of Caliph to counter claim by Shi’ite Fatimids in Eg. Flourishing archit. & music Colder climate in NW

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class Christian Kingdoms of Portugal, Leon, Castile, & Leon survive in North Franks stop Moors in Fr. (FC.40) Ummayad Abd al-Rahman, fleeing fr. Abassids, takes over in 756 Highly centralized rule & cultural golden age centered at Cordoba ( ): Extensive irrigation projects, & industries  Thriving ec. Library with 400,000 books Take title of Caliph to counter claim by Shi’ite Fatimids in Eg. Flourishing archit. & music Colder climate in NW

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class Christian Kingdoms of Portugal, Leon, Castile, & Leon survive in North Franks stop Moors in Fr. (FC.40) Ummayad Abd al-Rahman, fleeing fr. Abassids, takes over in 756 Highly centralized rule & cultural golden age centered at Cordoba ( ): Extensive irrigation projects, & industries  Thriving ec. Library with 400,000 books Take title of Caliph to counter claim by Shi’ite Fatimids in Eg. Flourishing archit. & music Colder climate in NW

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class Christian Kingdoms of Portugal, Leon, Castile, & Leon survive in North Franks stop Moors in Fr. (FC.40) Ummayad Abd al-Rahman, fleeing fr. Abassids, takes over in 756 Highly centralized rule & cultural golden age centered at Cordoba ( ): Extensive irrigation projects, & industries  Thriving ec. Library with 400,000 books Take title of Caliph to counter claim by Shi’ite Fatimids in Eg. Flourishing archit. & music Colder climate in NW

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class Christian Kingdoms of Portugal, Leon, Castile, & Leon survive in North Franks stop Moors in Fr. (FC.40) Ummayad Abd al-Rahman, fleeing fr. Abassids, takes over in 756 Highly centralized rule & cultural golden age centered at Cordoba ( ): Extensive irrigation projects, & industries  Thriving ec. Library with 400,000 books Take title of Caliph to counter claim by Shi’ite Fatimids in Eg. Flourishing archit. & music Colder climate in NW

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class Christian Kingdoms of Portugal, Leon, Castile, & Leon survive in North Franks stop Moors in Fr. (FC.40) Ummayad Abd al-Rahman, fleeing fr. Abassids, takes over in 756 Highly centralized rule & cultural golden age centered at Cordoba ( ): Extensive irrigation projects, & industries  Thriving ec. Library with 400,000 books Take title of Caliph to counter claim by Shi’ite Fatimids in Eg. Flourishing archit. & music Learning revives in W. Eur. (FC.64) Colder climate in NW

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class Christian Kingdoms of Portugal, Leon, Castile, & Leon survive in North Franks stop Moors in Fr. (FC.40) Ummayad Abd al-Rahman, fleeing fr. Abassids, takes over in 756 Highly centralized rule & cultural golden age centered at Cordoba ( ): Extensive irrigation projects, & industries  Thriving ec. Library with 400,000 books Take title of Caliph to counter claim by Shi’ite Fatimids in Eg. Flourishing archit. & music Learning revives in W. Eur. (FC.64) Civil wars over throne Colder climate in NW

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class Christian Kingdoms of Portugal, Leon, Castile, & Leon survive in North Franks stop Moors in Fr. (FC.40) Ummayad Abd al-Rahman, fleeing fr. Abassids, takes over in 756 Highly centralized rule & cultural golden age centered at Cordoba ( ): Extensive irrigation projects, & industries  Thriving ec. Library with 400,000 books Take title of Caliph to counter claim by Shi’ite Fatimids in Eg. Flourishing archit. & music Learning revives in W. Eur. (FC.64) Civil wars over throne Strife b/w Berbers & Arabs Colder climate in NW

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class Christian Kingdoms of Portugal, Leon, Castile, & Leon survive in North Franks stop Moors in Fr. (FC.40) Ummayad Abd al-Rahman, fleeing fr. Abassids, takes over in 756 Highly centralized rule & cultural golden age centered at Cordoba ( ): Extensive irrigation projects, & industries  Thriving ec. Library with 400,000 books Take title of Caliph to counter claim by Shi’ite Fatimids in Eg. Flourishing archit. & music Learning revives in W. Eur. (FC.64) Rising power of Chr. Kgd’s Civil wars over throne Strife b/w Berbers & Arabs Colder climate in NW

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class Christian Kingdoms of Portugal, Leon, Castile, & Leon survive in North Franks stop Moors in Fr. (FC.40) Ummayad Abd al-Rahman, fleeing fr. Abassids, takes over in 756 Highly centralized rule & cultural golden age centered at Cordoba ( ): Extensive irrigation projects, & industries  Thriving ec. Library with 400,000 books Take title of Caliph to counter claim by Shi’ite Fatimids in Eg. Flourishing archit. & music Learning revives in W. Eur. (FC.64) Rising power of Chr. Kgd’s Civil wars over throne Strife b/w Berbers & Arabs Colder climate in NW Cordoba Caliphate fragments into 6 main Taifa (party or faction) kingdoms that revive culture & economy

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class Christian Kingdoms of Portugal, Leon, Castile, & Leon survive in North Franks stop Moors in Fr. (FC.40) Ummayad Abd al-Rahman, fleeing fr. Abassids, takes over in 756 Highly centralized rule & cultural golden age centered at Cordoba ( ): Extensive irrigation projects, & industries  Thriving ec. Library with 400,000 books Take title of Caliph to counter claim by Shi’ite Fatimids in Eg. Flourishing archit. & music Learning revives in W. Eur. (FC.64) Rising power of Chr. Kgd’s Civil wars over throne Strife b/w Berbers & Arabs Colder climate in NW Relig. Fervor of W. Eur Chr’s who come to Sp. to fight for the faith Cordoba Caliphate fragments into 6 main Taifa (party or faction) kingdoms that revive culture & economy

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class Christian Kingdoms of Portugal, Leon, Castile, & Leon survive in North Franks stop Moors in Fr. (FC.40) Ummayad Abd al-Rahman, fleeing fr. Abassids, takes over in 756 Highly centralized rule & cultural golden age centered at Cordoba ( ): Extensive irrigation projects, & industries  Thriving ec. Library with 400,000 books Take title of Caliph to counter claim by Shi’ite Fatimids in Eg. Flourishing archit. & music Learning revives in W. Eur. (FC.64) Rising power of Chr. Kgd’s Civil wars over throne Strife b/w Berbers & Arabs Colder climate in NW Relig. Fervor of W. Eur Chr’s who come to Sp. to fight for the faith Relig. Fervor of N Afr Muslims who come to Sp. to fight for the faith Cordoba Caliphate fragments into 6 main Taifa (party or faction) kingdoms that revive culture & economy

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class Christian Kingdoms of Portugal, Leon, Castile, & Leon survive in North Franks stop Moors in Fr. (FC.40) Ummayad Abd al-Rahman, fleeing fr. Abassids, takes over in 756 Highly centralized rule & cultural golden age centered at Cordoba ( ): Extensive irrigation projects, & industries  Thriving ec. Library with 400,000 books Take title of Caliph to counter claim by Shi’ite Fatimids in Eg. Flourishing archit. & music Learning revives in W. Eur. (FC.64) Rising power of Chr. Kgd’s Civil wars over throne Strife b/w Berbers & Arabs Colder climate in NW Relig. Fervor of W. Eur Chr’s who come to Sp. to fight for the faith Relig. Fervor of N Afr Muslims who come to Sp. to fight for the faith Sp. Muslim Kgd’s try to retake lands Sp. Christian Kgd’s advance vs. Sp. Muslims Cordoba Caliphate fragments into 6 main Taifa (party or faction) kingdoms that revive culture & economy

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class Christian Kingdoms of Portugal, Leon, Castile, & Leon survive in North Franks stop Moors in Fr. (FC.40) Ummayad Abd al-Rahman, fleeing fr. Abassids, takes over in 756 Highly centralized rule & cultural golden age centered at Cordoba ( ): Extensive irrigation projects, & industries  Thriving ec. Library with 400,000 books Take title of Caliph to counter claim by Shi’ite Fatimids in Eg. Flourishing archit. & music Learning revives in W. Eur. (FC.64) Rising power of Chr. Kgd’s Civil wars over throne Strife b/w Berbers & Arabs Colder climate in NW Relig. Fervor of W. Eur Chr’s who come to Sp. to fight for the faith Relig. Fervor of N Afr Muslims who come to Sp. to fight for the faith Sp. Muslim Kgd’s try to retake lands Sp. Christian Kgd’s advance vs. Sp. Muslims Cordoba Caliphate fragments into 6 main Taifa (party or faction) kingdoms that revive culture & economy

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class Christian Kingdoms of Portugal, Leon, Castile, & Leon survive in North Franks stop Moors in Fr. (FC.40) Ummayad Abd al-Rahman, fleeing fr. Abassids, takes over in 756 Highly centralized rule & cultural golden age centered at Cordoba ( ): Extensive irrigation projects, & industries  Thriving ec. Library with 400,000 books Take title of Caliph to counter claim by Shi’ite Fatimids in Eg. Flourishing archit. & music Learning revives in W. Eur. (FC.64) Rising power of Chr. Kgd’s Civil wars over throne Strife b/w Berbers & Arabs Colder climate in NW Relig. Fervor of W. Eur Chr’s who come to Sp. to fight for the faith Relig. Fervor of N Afr Muslims who come to Sp. to fight for the faith Sp. Muslim Kgd’s try to retake lands Sp. Christian Kgd’s advance vs. Sp. Muslims Cordoba Caliphate fragments into 6 main Taifa (party or faction) kingdoms that revive culture & economy

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class Christian Kingdoms of Portugal, Leon, Castile, & Leon survive in North Franks stop Moors in Fr. (FC.40) Ummayad Abd al-Rahman, fleeing fr. Abassids, takes over in 756 Highly centralized rule & cultural golden age centered at Cordoba ( ): Extensive irrigation projects, & industries  Thriving ec. Library with 400,000 books Take title of Caliph to counter claim by Shi’ite Fatimids in Eg. Flourishing archit. & music Learning revives in W. Eur. (FC.64) Rising power of Chr. Kgd’s Civil wars over throne Strife b/w Berbers & Arabs Colder climate in NW Relig. Fervor of W. Eur Chr’s who come to Sp. to fight for the faith Relig. Fervor of N Afr Muslims who come to Sp. to fight for the faith Sp. Muslim Kgd’s try to retake lands Sp. Christian Kgd’s advance vs. Sp. Muslims Cordoba Caliphate fragments into 6 main Taifa (party or faction) kingdoms that revive culture & economy By 1250, Sp. Chr.kgd’s have taken all the Iberian Peninsula exc. Granada in S.

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class Christian Kingdoms of Portugal, Leon, Castile, & Leon survive in North Franks stop Moors in Fr. (FC.40) Ummayad Abd al-Rahman, fleeing fr. Abassids, takes over in 756 Highly centralized rule & cultural golden age centered at Cordoba ( ): Extensive irrigation projects, & industries  Thriving ec. Library with 400,000 books Take title of Caliph to counter claim by Shi’ite Fatimids in Eg. Flourishing archit. & music Learning revives in W. Eur. (FC.64) Rising power of Chr. Kgd’s Civil wars over throne Strife b/w Berbers & Arabs Unif. Of Castile & Aragon (1469) Colder climate in NW Relig. Fervor of W. Eur Chr’s who come to Sp. to fight for the faith Relig. Fervor of N Afr Muslims who come to Sp. to fight for the faith Sp. Muslim Kgd’s try to retake lands Sp. Christian Kgd’s advance vs. Sp. Muslims Cordoba Caliphate fragments into 6 main Taifa (party or faction) kingdoms that revive culture & economy By 1250, Sp. Chr.kgd’s have taken all the Iberian Peninsula exc. Granada in S.

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class Christian Kingdoms of Portugal, Leon, Castile, & Leon survive in North Franks stop Moors in Fr. (FC.40) Ummayad Abd al-Rahman, fleeing fr. Abassids, takes over in 756 Highly centralized rule & cultural golden age centered at Cordoba ( ): Extensive irrigation projects, & industries  Thriving ec. Library with 400,000 books Take title of Caliph to counter claim by Shi’ite Fatimids in Eg. Flourishing archit. & music Learning revives in W. Eur. (FC.64) Rising power of Chr. Kgd’s Civil wars over throne Strife b/w Berbers & Arabs Nasrid Granada ( ) hangs on in south due to exc army, help from N. Afr., & extensive network of forts & watchtowers Unif. Of Castile & Aragon (1469) Colder climate in NW Relig. Fervor of W. Eur Chr’s who come to Sp. to fight for the faith Relig. Fervor of N Afr Muslims who come to Sp. to fight for the faith Sp. Muslim Kgd’s try to retake lands Sp. Christian Kgd’s advance vs. Sp. Muslims Cordoba Caliphate fragments into 6 main Taifa (party or faction) kingdoms that revive culture & economy By 1250, Sp. Chr.kgd’s have taken all the Iberian Peninsula exc. Granada in S.

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class Christian Kingdoms of Portugal, Leon, Castile, & Leon survive in North Franks stop Moors in Fr. (FC.40) Ummayad Abd al-Rahman, fleeing fr. Abassids, takes over in 756 Highly centralized rule & cultural golden age centered at Cordoba ( ): Extensive irrigation projects, & industries  Thriving ec. Library with 400,000 books Take title of Caliph to counter claim by Shi’ite Fatimids in Eg. Flourishing archit. & music Learning revives in W. Eur. (FC.64) Rising power of Chr. Kgd’s Civil wars over throne Strife b/w Berbers & Arabs Nasrid Granada ( ) hangs on in south due to exc army, help from N. Afr., & extensive network of forts & watchtowers Unif. Of Castile & Aragon (1469) Genoa controls Gran’s trade Colder climate in NW Relig. Fervor of W. Eur Chr’s who come to Sp. to fight for the faith Relig. Fervor of N Afr Muslims who come to Sp. to fight for the faith Sp. Muslim Kgd’s try to retake lands Sp. Christian Kgd’s advance vs. Sp. Muslims Cordoba Caliphate fragments into 6 main Taifa (party or faction) kingdoms that revive culture & economy By 1250, Sp. Chr.kgd’s have taken all the Iberian Peninsula exc. Granada in S.

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class Christian Kingdoms of Portugal, Leon, Castile, & Leon survive in North Franks stop Moors in Fr. (FC.40) Ummayad Abd al-Rahman, fleeing fr. Abassids, takes over in 756 Highly centralized rule & cultural golden age centered at Cordoba ( ): Extensive irrigation projects, & industries  Thriving ec. Library with 400,000 books Take title of Caliph to counter claim by Shi’ite Fatimids in Eg. Flourishing archit. & music Learning revives in W. Eur. (FC.64) Rising power of Chr. Kgd’s Civil wars over throne Strife b/w Berbers & Arabs Nasrid Granada ( ) hangs on in south due to exc army, help from N. Afr., & extensive network of forts & watchtowers Unif. Of Castile & Aragon (1469) Genoa controls Gran’s trade Less help from N. Africa Colder climate in NW Relig. Fervor of W. Eur Chr’s who come to Sp. to fight for the faith Relig. Fervor of N Afr Muslims who come to Sp. to fight for the faith Sp. Muslim Kgd’s try to retake lands Sp. Christian Kgd’s advance vs. Sp. Muslims Cordoba Caliphate fragments into 6 main Taifa (party or faction) kingdoms that revive culture & economy By 1250, Sp. Chr.kgd’s have taken all the Iberian Peninsula exc. Granada in S.

FC.46B MUSLIM RULE IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ( ) Rapid growth of Muslim emp. (FC.46) Strongly centr. Roman state (FC.32) Arabs let local officials keep offices N. Afr. Moors led by Arabs easily conquer Spain (711 CE)  Widespread destruction due to: Continued resistance by Visigoths Semi-civ. nature of Moors Moors rebel vs. Arab ruling class Christian Kingdoms of Portugal, Leon, Castile, & Leon survive in North Franks stop Moors in Fr. (FC.40) Ummayad Abd al-Rahman, fleeing fr. Abassids, takes over in 756 Highly centralized rule & cultural golden age centered at Cordoba ( ): Extensive irrigation projects, & industries  Thriving ec. Library with 400,000 books Take title of Caliph to counter claim by Shi’ite Fatimids in Eg. Flourishing archit. & music Learning revives in W. Eur. (FC.64) Rising power of Chr. Kgd’s Civil wars over throne Strife b/w Berbers & Arabs Nasrid Granada ( ) hangs on in south due to exc army, help from N. Afr., & extensive network of forts & watchtowers Final fall of Granada to Castile in 1492  Jews expelled & Muslims under growing persecution & pressure to convert to Chr. Unif. Of Castile & Aragon (1469) Genoa controls Gran’s trade Less help from N. Africa Colder climate in NW Relig. Fervor of W. Eur Chr’s who come to Sp. to fight for the faith Relig. Fervor of N Afr Muslims who come to Sp. to fight for the faith Sp. Muslim Kgd’s try to retake lands Sp. Christian Kgd’s advance vs. Sp. Muslims Cordoba Caliphate fragments into 6 main Taifa (party or faction) kingdoms that revive culture & economy By 1250, Sp. Chr.kgd’s have taken all the Iberian Peninsula exc. Granada in S.