America Claims An Empire Chapter 10 America Claims An Empire

Ch 10 Id and Define Section 3 Section 4 Section 1 Queen Liluokalani Imperialism Alfred T. Mahan William Seward Pearl Harbor Sanford B. Dole Section 2 Jose Marti Valeriano Weyler Yellow journalism U.S.S. Maine George Dewey Rough Riders San Juan Hill Treaty of Paris Section 3 Foraker Act Platt Amendment Protectorate Emilio Aguinaldo John Hay Open Door Notes Boxer Rebellion Section 4 Panama Canal Roosevelt Corollary Dollar diplomacy Francisco “Pancho” Villa Emiliano Zapata John J. Pershing

Section 1 Imperialism and America American Expansionism Imperialism, policy in which stronger nations extend their economic, political, or military control over weaker territories Global competition European nations had been establishing colonies for centuries

American manifest destiny Desire for Military Strength Thirst for new Markets Belief in Cultural Superiority

The United States Acquires Alaska Secretary of state William Seward ( under Lincoln and Johnson) convinced the U.S. to buy Alaska from Russia 7.2 Million dollars or 2 cents an acre Nick named Seward’s Folly or Seward’s Ice box Rich in Oil, gold, timber and minerals

The United States Takes Hawaii American merchants had lived on the Hawaiian islands since 1790’s They sold sugar cane mostly to America In the Mid-19th century Americans owned about ¾ of the wealth The McKinley Tariff provoked a crisis by eliminating duty free sugar The planters called for annexation

The End of a Monarchy Hawaii for Hawaiians agenda of Queen Liliuokalani after she took over from her father King Kalakaua encouraged revolt by American Sugar growers Ambassador John L. Stevens organized a revolution with the help of the marines

US troops in Hawaii

Cont. Sanford B. Dole headed the new government President Cleveland directed the queen be restored to her throne Power was never truly restored After William McKinley took office he annexed it on August 12, 1898 during the Spanish American war

Section 2 Spanish-American War Cubans Rebel Against Spain A colony for over 300 years Spain sent The Butcher Weyler (Valeriano Weyler) to crush the rebellion Yellow journalism Incites and adds to the resentment against Spain De Lome – Spanish Ambassador wrote a letter in which he bad mouthed McKinley The explosion of the U.S.S. Maine was blamed on Spain

Cont. On April 30, 1898 Commodore George Dewey attacked the Spanish in the Philippine (Filipinos) Rough Riders led by Theodore Roosevelt along with the10th Calvary – take Cuba Treaty of Paris John Hay called it “a splendid little war” Puerto Rico Guam Philippines Cuba Teller Amendment – give independence Platt Amendment – delayed Cuba’s independence

Section 3 Acquiring New Lands Ruling Puerto Rico Had not been promised independence Bring protection “protectorate” Foraker Act – enabled military rule Puerto Rico gained citizenship in 1917 Cuba Teller Amendment was delayed with the Platt Amendment Cuba could not make treaties U.S. had right to intervene Cuba could not go into debt U.S. could buy or lease land

After 3 years the rebellion was suppressed Filipinos Rebel Emilio Aguinaldo believed that the U.S. had promised them independence He led a revolt in Feb. 1899 Anger at the U.S. suppressing a rebellion After 3 years the rebellion was suppressed 20,000 Filipino rebels died 4,000 Americans 400 million dollars Gained its independence on July 4, 1946

Foreign Influence in China Sphere of Influence – one country controlling another John Hay wanted to keep China Open for trade Open Door Policy – everyone could trade equally in China Boxer Rebellion in China was suppressed by both the Chinese government and the American/European forces

Section 4 America as a World Power Theodore Roosevelt Peace Maker – Negotiating a settlement of Russo-Japanese war Nobel peace prize in 1906

Panama Canal a man a plan a canal panama amanap lanac a nalp a nam a Hay-Pauncefote – Britain gave the U.S. exclusive rights to build and control the canal 2 possible routes Nicaragua – much of it crossed a lake Panama ( a Colombian province) – shorter U.S. needed to get permission from Colombia When negotiations broke down Philippe Bunau-Varilla helped to organize a rebellion against Colombia

Panama Canal

Roosevelt Corollary Addition to the Monroe Doctrine The U.S. will intervene if a Latin American country does something that may put them in danger. Dollar Diplomacy Guaranteed loans to foreign countries to keep European powers out of Latin America

BIG STICK DIPLOMACY Speak softly and Carry a big stick

Woodrow Wilson’s Missionary Diplomacy Diaz, Madero, Huerta, and Carranza Wilson looks to oust Huerta Uses a incident to do so Take notes on your own starting on 363 Use the headlines in the book Underline names and terms There will be a quiz on this portion of your book tomorrow