Monday, September 22 Do Now: Agenda: Homework: Shake off the weekend cobwebs. Review, recall, and answer: 1. How did Yellow Journalism influence Americans’ views of the Cuban Rebellion? 2. What did John Hay mean when he called America’s war with Spain a “splendid little war”? 3. How did U.S. policies, such as the Platt Amendment, secure control over its newly acquired territories? 4. What methods did the United States use to gain land and influence in the Pacific Region? Monday, September 22 Agenda: Do-Now Quiz Correction Notes on the international effects of the Spanish-American War & Imperialism Homework: Read Chapter 17, Section 3 in your text Copy and complete the chart provided

DO-NOW ANSWERS Yellow Journalism inspired sympathy for the Cuban rebels, built American nationalism, and increased a sense of hatred for the Spanish, and a demand for intervention John Hay meant that the war was short and victorious. American deaths in battle were relatively few and the cost relatively inexpensive. The Platt Amendment made Cuba into an American satellite. The Treaty of Paris made the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico American possessions. American forces fought a brutal campaign to retain control of Philippines. The US proclaimed an Open Door trade policy with China. The US acquired partial control over Samoa by treaty and by declaring protectorate status. The US annexed Hawaii in 1898.

How was the Spanish American War resolved?

1898 Treaty of Paris Spanish government recognizes Cuba’s independence Spain gives Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam to the United States with a $20 million price tag

Can the US build an empire and become a colonial power when the nation’s basic principle is the right to liberty?

Dilemma in the Philippines Can the US become a colonial power when the nation’s basic principle is the right to liberty? Many say NO! President McKinley declares Filipino people “unfit for self-government” to justify the disrespect for American ideals Ironically, also claims they needed to be Christianized

Dilemma in the Philippines Filipino rebel leader, Emilio Aguinaldo, issues a proclamation in January declaring his country a republic The US ignores him Tensions build and a war erupts in February Bitter war carries on for 3 years, then occasional fighting continues 1946 Philippines gains complete independence

WAR WITH PHILIPPINES FORMER BROTHERS AT WAR, NO LONGER: 4,000+ Americans killed 3,000+ Americans wounded 16,000 Filipino rebels killed 200,000 Filipino civilians killed “Had the Filipinos been white and fought as bravely as they have, the war would have been ended and their independence granted a long time ago.” -An American critic of the war with the Philippines

Anti-Imperialist “Much as we abhor the ‘criminal aggression’ in the Philippines, greatly as we regret that the blood of the Filipinos is on American hands, we more deeply resent the betrayal of American institutions at home. The real firing line is not in the suburbs of Manila. The foe is of our own household. The attempt of 1861 was to divide the country. That of 1899 is to destroy its fundamental principles and noblest ideals.” - Anti-Imperialist League

Pro-Imperialist What’s going on here?

Cuba & Puerto Rico Supporters of Cuban independence attached the “Teller Amendment” to Congress’ 1898 war resolution with Spain Promised the US would not annex Cuba American involvement does not end with victory over Spain President McKinley installs a military government to protect American business Rules for 3 years Organized a school system Restored economic stability 1900, Cubans began to draft a constitution

Cuba & Puerto Rico Cuba’s constitution Based on US constitution and did not allow US to remain involved US insists they include the “Platt Amendment” Limited the abilities of the Cuban Gov. Gave the US the right to intervene whenever necessary This remains in force until 1934 Puerto Rico did not become independent The US granted Puerto Ricans US citizenship to squelch an independence movement

Hawaii 1880’s Late 1880’s President McKinley in favor of annexation Renewed trade treaty Lease of Pearl Harbor to the US as a refuel/repair station for ships Late 1880’s Hawaiian-born white planters forced King Kalakaua to accept a new constitution and gave them control of the government President McKinley in favor of annexation

Samoa 1878 US negotiates a treaty offering protection in return for a lease on the harbor at Pago Pago 1800’s, Britain and Germany begin competing for the islands of Samoa, too Almost leads to war Arrange a 3-way protectorate of Samoa in 1889 1899 Britain withdraws from Samoa Germany and the US divide up the islands and the US acquires the harbor at Pago Pago

Samoa

Samoa

Open Door?

New Perspective

HOMEWORK: Read Chapter 17, Section 3 HOMEWORK: Read Chapter 17, Section 3. Copy the chart below, and fill in the information. Policy Big Stick Diplomacy Dollar Diplomacy Moral Diplomacy President Description of Policy Description of how the policy was enacted Which countries were targeted by the foreign policy