Deemed exports: FASEB, Science & (Bio)Security Carrie D. Wolinetz, Ph.D. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (FASEB) Office of Public Affairs Deemed Export Advisory Committee Meeting June 19, 2007

Intersection of science & security Science Technology Security Policy Visas, foreign scientists & students Publication / communication / OFAC “Sensitive” information “Dual use” Export controls Protection of data Detection / diagnosis / metrics Bioterrorism Chemical, radiological, biological weapons Global health Ethical / moral boundaries Arms control Select agents Economic impact Shipping / border control Codes of conduct Regulation Biology Chemistry Physics Computing Geology Mathematics Etc., etc….

General principles: Science thrives in an open environment, free exchange of knowledge Global enterprise, U.S. benefits from interaction & engagement with foreign nationals Science / research contributes greatly to national security and quality of life Security controls need to be unambiguous, feasible, sensible – i.e., NSDD 189

Common themes, common problems: You can’t regulate what you can’t see / define –Physical vs. deemed exports, “use” control –Dual use technologies, biology –“Sensitive” information –Ambiguity = compliance by overreaction Science is dynamic, not static –Cannot predict in advance what technologies, knowledge will be needed to pursue a question –Dual use nature of research not clear at outset Science as a meritocracy –“Second class citizen” status for foreign nationals??

Policies that inhibit information exchange will be bad for science. A robust research enterprise is critical for national & international security.

Sensible solutions Continued dialogue / involvement with academic research community –Increased awareness = increased compliance –Utilization of expertise, advisory role Visa process should be point of control for foreign nationals Maintain unambiguous fundamental research exclusion

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