© OUP: To be used solely in purchaser’s school or college 8L Sound and hearing Making sounds Hearing and deafness 8L Sound and hearing Too loud!

© OUP: To be used solely in purchaser’s school or college Making sounds 8L Sound and hearing

© OUP: To be used solely in purchaser’s school or college 8L Sound words 1 vibration 2 pitch 3 loudness 4 sound 5 amplify Ahow high or low it sounds to the listener Bvibrations that can be heard Cto make sound louder Dhow loud or quiet it sounds to the listener Ea backwards and forwards movement which transmits sound Match the words to the definitions. Ea backwards and forwards movement which transmits sound Ahow high or low it sounds to the listener Dhow loud or quiet it sounds to the listener Bvibrations that can be heard Cto make sound louder

© OUP: To be used solely in purchaser’s school or college 8L Describing waves What does a large amplitude tell you about the sound? What does a large number of waves (frequency) tell you about the sound? What unit is used to measure frequency?

© OUP: To be used solely in purchaser’s school or college 8L Sound pictures Match the description to the oscilloscope pattern: 1. Low-pitched sound, very loud 2. Loud, high-pitched sound 3. Medium sound with medium pitch 4. Quiet, high-pitched sound ABCD D C B A

© OUP: To be used solely in purchaser’s school or college 8L Sound speeds Concorde was the first passenger jet to travel faster than the speed of sound. But how fast is that? The speed of sound: In air = 330 metres per second In water = 1500 metres per second In steel = 6000 metres per second Why did native American trackers put their ear to the ground if they wanted to listen for their prey?

© OUP: To be used solely in purchaser’s school or college 1. I can increase the pitch of a note on a guitar by... a) plucking the string harder b) tightening the string c)holding the guitar tighter. 2. I play the lowest notes on an electric guitar by... a) not pressing on the strings on the fretboard b) touching the strings very gently c) turning the volume down on the amplifier. 8L Rock legends?

© OUP: To be used solely in purchaser’s school or college 3. Hitting the strings hard on a guitar will... a) make the note louder b) make the note higher pitched c)hurt my fingers. 4. The sound from an electric guitar dies away when... a)the string stops moving b) the guitarist stops plucking the strings c) the strings are magnetised. 8L Rock legends?

© OUP: To be used solely in purchaser’s school or college 5. A drummer can change the pitch of the drum by... a) changing the tightness of the drum skin b) hitting the skin harder c)using different drumsticks. 6. A drummer grabs hold of a vibrating cymbal to... a) stop it making a sound b) change the pitch of the sound c) stop it falling off the stage. 8L Rock legends?

© OUP: To be used solely in purchaser’s school or college 8L What is sound? Sound is created by something vibrating. Imagine the surface of a drum. As the skin wobbles it pushes on the air next to it and squeezes it to make a little area of high pressure.

© OUP: To be used solely in purchaser’s school or college 8L What is sound? Then the skin moves the other way and creates an area of low pressure. If this happens over and over again you get areas of high and low pressure being made. These areas pass through the air and to our ears where we detect them as sound.

© OUP: To be used solely in purchaser’s school or college 8L Match signals to patterns of particles We can see these areas of high pressure with a microphone and an oscilloscope.

© OUP: To be used solely in purchaser’s school or college 8L The frequency range Make a list of these in order of frequency, starting with the lowest. AThe note middle C in the middle of a piano keyboard BBottom string on a bass guitar CTypical whistle for a dog DRumble from an earthquake EThe highest note sung by a human being DRumble from an earthquake BBottom string on a bass guitar AThe note middle C in the middle of a piano keyboard EThe highest note sung by a human being CTypical whistle for a dog

© OUP: To be used solely in purchaser’s school or college Match the oscilloscope traces to the source of the sound. 1. A flute playing a single clear note 2. A dog whistle 3. A milk bottle dropped onto a floor 4. A rumble of thunder ABCD B C D A 8L I’ll name that tune in...

© OUP: To be used solely in purchaser’s school or college 1. The softer you hit a drum, the quieter the sound. 2.Louder sounds are higher pitched. 3.Bigger vibrations make louder sounds. 4.Hollow objects make sounds louder. 5.Carpets and curtains make sounds louder. 8L Sound as a … sound? True or false? TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE

© OUP: To be used solely in purchaser’s school or college 1. High sounds have a low frequency. 2.Dogs can hear higher pitched sounds than humans can. 3. Some sounds can make you deaf. 4.Hard surfaces reflect sound. 5.Sound travels faster in water than steel. 8L Sound as a … sound? True or false? FALSE TRUE FALSE

© OUP: To be used solely in purchaser’s school or college Hearing and deafness 8l Sound and hearing

© OUP: To be used solely in purchaser’s school or college 8L The human ear

© OUP: To be used solely in purchaser’s school or college 8L Hear this! Which parts can move? Which part carries a nerve signal? Which part is made of bone? ear flap (pinna) sound waves eardrum cochlea bones of middle ear nerves to brain

© OUP: To be used solely in purchaser’s school or college 8L Batty! Insect-eating bats use sounds with a frequency of Hz (or 80 kHz) to ‘see’ their prey. The bat sends out a sound and then listens for the echo as it bounces back from the insect. The bat compares the sound it hears from both ears to work out the direction the insect is in. What would happen to a bat if it went deaf in one ear?

© OUP: To be used solely in purchaser’s school or college Too loud! 8L Sound and hearing

© OUP: To be used solely in purchaser’s school or college 8L Measuring loudness Why do we need a way to measure the loudness of sound? What unit is used to measure sound? I’ve asked you to turn that rubbish down! It’s too loud. You’ll damage your ears. It’s not as loud as you have the television. I’ve already turned it down – and it’s not rubbish!

© OUP: To be used solely in purchaser’s school or college 8L Hear this!