Wastewater Treatment in Indonesia Prayatni Soewondo INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG Faculty of Civil & Environmental Engineering Research Groups Water and Wastewater Engineering Programmed Study of Environmental Engineering 30 April 2014

Introduction Current Situation Future Developments Conclusions Contents :

1. Introduction The dominant pollutant in Indonesia comes from domestic wastewater; It is estimated to contribute about 70 % of organic loading in rivers on urban areas The water quality is always decrease, as example : some parameters COD, BOD, nitrogen and phosphate; always increases every year

2. Current Situation in Indonesia Population : 247,4 million (BPS, 2013) Basic sanitation : 69,51 % in urban area and 33,96% in rural area (Bappenas, 2009) Centralized system is about 3% in only 11 cities in Indonesia MDG target in 2014 (Utomo, 2012) : - centralized system will be increased until 5 % - on site system will be increased until 90% - the rest of sanitation system is about 5%. It will be developed communal system Economic loss because of bad sanitation condition in Indonesia Rp. 1.2 million/household/year (Bappenas, 2014) ?

Profile of Domestic Wastewater Treatment in Indonesia Off Site System (2000)

Wastewater Treatment Plant In Jakarta, Bandung and Medan

As example : MCK= Mandi, Cuci dan Kakus (Bath, wash and water closet) around Bandung and Tangerang On site System

8 How to manage the wastewater from home industry ??? Slaughtering Houses Tofu industry Batik industry Cattle farming Location of Slaughtering Houses and Tofu Industries Near Bandung

-19 villages from 55 villages lived around Citarum river -Around 3171 cattles

Pilot Plant Model (MODEL FIXED-DOME) Horizontal cross section IlustrasiIlustrasi Typical of Schematic Plant

Pilot Plant Bio-digester Some Villages around up stream in Citarum River Area Sources : KPBS Pangalengan, 2014

 Increase access to domestic wastewater services, both on-site and off-site, in urban and rural areas;  Increase financial capacities for wastewater infrastructure developments, both on-site and off-site, and also recover treatment cost to insure services;  Increase societies contribution on developing housing effluent of domestic wastewater treatment system;  Increase the work of wastewater treatment institution and separate function between regulator and operator;  Develop regulation and apply treatments according to enacted guidelines. 3. Future Development

4. Conclusions :  Almost half of the Indonesian populations have no accessibility to wastewater facilities, which can potentially pollute the body of water.  By increasing both systems (on site and off site), the degradation of raw water quality can be reduced.  The development of technology can play a key role in improving these facilities. Most of the biological process is used to get biogas production.  Participation of the community is also very important to be concerned about.

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