Literary Terms.

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Presentation transcript:

Literary Terms

Figurative Language Language that communicates ideas beyond the ordinary, literal meaning of words. **things do not mean what the words actually say Examples: metaphor, simile, idiom, personification, etc.

Metaphor A comparison between two objects; often says that one thing is another. Ex: He is a bear on the football field!

Simile A comparison between two objects using "like", "as", or "than". Ex: She is as quick as a cat!

Alliteration The repetition of the initial consonant sound. Ex: Sally sells sea shells by the sea shore

Allusion A reference to someone or something in history or literature. Ex: But I'll be hood forever I'm the new Sinatra And since I made it here

Personification Giving human qualities or characteristics to animals or objects. Ex: The pen danced across the paper

Hyperbole Extreme exaggeration for effect. Ex: It took me “FOREVER” to finish the project!

Idiom An expression common to a certain group of people. Ex: Don’t bite off more than you can chew.

Antagonist The character who opposes the hero; provides the story’s conflict Ex: the wolf in “The Three Little Pigs”

Protagonist the main character in a story, novel, drama, or other literary work; the character that the reader or audience empathizes with Jack in “Jack and the Beanstalk”

Point of View 1st person-story is being told by a character within the story (I, we, us) 2nd person-speaking to “you”; often as in a letter or directions 3rd person limited-outside narrator; reader is informed of all ACTIONS of characters and thoughts of 1character 3rd person omniscient – narrator is all- knowing; reader is informed of all thoughts and actions of characters

Foreshadowing Hints or clues as to what is going to happen later in a story Example: In “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” - the description of Brom’s horse Daredevil that mentions he is full of mischief and mettle just like his owner (hints that the horse and rider are/will be up to something)

Imagery the use of words and phrases to create a mental picture Example: There was a tree at that corner, a straight but little tree with slim branches and shiny dark leaves. – from “The Osage Orange Tree”

Characterization Characterization is the process by which the writer reveals the personality of a character. Stated Characterization tells the audience what the personality of the character is. Example: “The patient boy and quiet girl were both well mannered and did not disobey their mother.” Implied Characterization shows things that reveal the personality of a character.

Characterization continued… There are five different methods of implied characterization: Speech: What does the character say? How does the character speak? Thoughts: What is revealed through the character’s private thoughts and feelings? Effect on others toward the character: What is revealed through the character’s effect on other people? How do other characters feel or behave in reaction to the character? Actions: What does the character do? How does the character behave? Looks: What does the character look like? How does the character dress?

Flat Characters Are uncomplicated and do not change throughout the course of a work Example: Injun Joe

Round Characters are complex and undergo development/ change sometimes extreme changes to surprise the reader Example: Tom Sawyer, Huck Finn

Symbol something which represents something else besides itself Example: The dove, with olive branch in beak, Glides over all the land Searching for a place to light. Storms of war linger on every hand, Everywhere the hawk does fight. The dove is a symbol of peace, and the hawk is a symbol of war. Using them in poetry gives an image without having to explain in detail.

Irony Verbal irony: saying something, but meaning the opposite (sarcasm) Example- I LOVE it when people talk as I try to teach!! Situational irony: the opposite of what was expected happens Example- the fire house catches on fire Dramatic irony: where the audience is aware of a situation and the characters are not Example- you see the murderer in the closet, the young babysitter does not, she goes into the room and …