Opening Agenda Things to Get: Things to Do: Notebook paper (for notes) 1- Justin 22-Fernanda 2-Tori 23-Woodford 3-Ruth 24-Rae 4-Austin 25-Dakoda 5-Brandon 26-Ereika 6-Amanda 27-Corey 7-Dorian 28-Olson 8-Maria 29-Jair 9-Shametria 30-Wesley 10-Damaria 31-Elizabeth 11-Helena 32-Scooby 12-Hollie 13-Daquan 14-Dustin 15-Sierra 16-Parsons 17-Suzanne 18-Dierra 19-Zachary 20-Jessica 21-John Things to Get: Notebook paper (for notes) Handouts on Table: Listening Guide Article Things to Do: Opener- On the back of the handout you received Notes: Music in the Renaissance (on paper to keep) Application: Exit Slip

Opening Agenda Things to Get: Things to Do: Notebook paper (for notes) 1) Khari 23) 2) Chris 24) Breanna 3) Carlin 25) Ethan 4) 26) 5) Devin 27) Matthew 6) Damone 28) 7) 29) 8) Tori 30) 9) Serena 31) 10) 32) Brandon 11) Tyler 12) 13) Maria 14) Michael 15) 16) Austin Lamb 17) Austin Miller 18) Laura 19) Mary 20) 21) Q 22) Domonick Things to Get: Notebook paper (for notes) Handouts on Table: Listening Guide Article Things to Do: Opener- On the back of the handout you received Notes: Music in the Renaissance (on paper to keep) Application: Exit Slip

Opening Agenda Things to Get: Things to Do: Notebook paper (for notes) 1- Steven Begley 22- Alyssa 2- Payten 23- 3- 24- Charlreese 4- Larrisha 25- Andrew 5- Daquanna 26- 6- Jordan 27- Trevor P. 7- 28- Trae 8- Zach 29- Kollin 9- Larry (Mikey) 30- Tianah 10- Caresia 31- Jasmine 11- Zach F. 32- Kayne 12- Lacey 13- Steven Breathett 14- Qunina 15- Tesia 16- Tylan 17- Whitney 18- Cody 19- Nneka 20- Courtney 21- Michael Things to Get: Notebook paper (for notes) Handouts on Table: Listening Guide Article Things to Do: Opener- On the back of the handout you received Notes: Music in the Renaissance (on paper to keep) Application: Exit Slip

Opening Agenda Things to Get: Things to Do: Notebook paper (for notes) 1- Philip 22- Jackie 2- Davilla 23- Nate Morton 3- 24- Martaize 4- Derek 25- Kate 5- AJ 26-Seirra 6- Ismael 27- Rochelle 7-Kamarri 28- Scott 8- John 29- Mitchell 9- Zach 30- Tybri 10- Manuel 31- Larry 11- Yajhaira 32- Nate 12- Ricardo 13- Reeca 14- Trevor 15- Lauren 16- Ray 17- Jonathan 18- Cory Weathers 19- Ricky 20-Audriana 21- Curtis Things to Get: Notebook paper (for notes) Handouts on Table: Listening Guide Article Things to Do: Opener- On the back of the handout you received Notes: Music in the Renaissance (on paper to keep) Application: Exit Slip

Opening Agenda Things to Get: Things to Do: 2) Fernando 3) Antonio 4) Trevor  6) Audonus 7) Jessica  9)Derante 10)Judith 11) Jeorshell 12) Labrentta  14) Marco 15) Fernando  17) Alfonzo 18) Jeff 19) Jamarii 20) Darien  22) Martez 23) Things to Get: Notebook paper (for notes) Handouts on Table: Listening Guide Article Things to Do: Opener- On the back of the handout you received Notes: Music in the Renaissance (on paper to keep) Application: Exit Slip

Opener- Renaissance Art Review On each of the pictures shown below, complete the following: 1) Name the artwork and creator 2) Write one sentence about the picture you see (controversies, facts, etc.) 1 2 3 4

Renaissance Music Palestrina’s Pope Marcellus Mass (circa 1562)

By the end of class you should to know: Terms Sacred Secular Harmony Polyphony Elision Renaissance Music Forms Mass Madrigal Motet Renaissance Musicians Josquin des Prez Giovanni de Palestrina

Renaissance Music – The Basics Most music is vocal during this period – instruments were not yet standardized or mass-produced Two categories of music: Sacred – for use in Catholic churches (remember, Europe, at the time, was almost entirely Catholic) Secular – everything else: ie. dancing, love, etc. Sacred music written in Latin Secular music written in vernacular (local language) Lute: http://www.music.iastate.edu/antiqua/mp3/Musica_Antiqua_have_you_seen.mp3 Recorder: http://www.music.iastate.edu/antiqua/mp3/musica_antiqua_merry_month_of_may.mp3 Lute: http://www.music.iastate.edu/antiqua/mp3/Musica_Antiqua_have_you_seen.mp3 Recorder: http://www.music.iastate.edu/antiqua/mp3/musica_antiqua_merry_month_of_may.mp3

Harmony Harmony: when two or more pitches sound at the same time Therefore, if you have two or more singers on different pitches, you have harmony

Harmony INTO Polyphony If this harmony sounds like two completely independent lines of melody, you have polyphony. polyphony multiple (Greek) sound (Greek)

Polyphony Application While listening to this classic Beatles’ tune, identify the parts of the song that contain polyphony. Intro, Verse 1, 2, 3, Bridge, Chorus? Where is it? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=taADLPtyDb0

Josquin des Prez Dates of Life: 1450-1521 Location of Birth: Belgium or France Patrons: Julius II Interesting Fact: He was directing the Sistine Choir while Michelangelo was painting the ceiling and Raphael was creating the School of Athens Influences: Master of multiple genres, specifically the motet Important Fact: One of the greatest composers of complex polyphonic music – called the High Renaissance style.

Josquin des Prez Structure of Music Blended polyphony and 3 tone chord harmonies Matched words with music (wordmatching) All voice parts composed at one time united parts rhythmically and harmonically Preferred motet to the strict tradition of the Mass required attentive/educated audience to be appreciated

des Prez’s favorite genre Form: Motet des Prez’s favorite genre Popular genre of polyphonic music during Renaissance Always vocal Usually sacred (remember, sacred = church music) Voices combine into chords as they change, creating shifting consonance and dissonance

Josquin’s Ave Maria http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LUAgAF4Khmg “Ave Maria” = “Hail, Mary” Musical setting of the traditional “Hail, Mary” prayer used in many Christian churches. Voices overlap, hear how the notes form different harmonies as the lines change one by one. Listen for dissonance resolving to consonance! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LUAgAF4Khmg

Josquin’s Ave Maria Entering voices parts indicated by red marks Voices range from high to low: soprano, alto, tenor, bass

The Church, mix-tapes, and polyphony When composers wrote church music, they often recycled (or sampled) the tunes of secular songs – even songs about drinking and sex – just like today’s artists sample songs from earlier years. Ray Charles – I’ve Got a Woman “The song builds on "It Must Be Jesus" by the Southern Tones, that Ray Charles was listening to on the radio while on the road with his band in the summer of 1954….” “…built along a gospel-frenetic pace with secular lyrics and a jazz-inspired rhythm and blues.” (wikipedia) Like to hear it? Here it go… http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mrd14PxaUco – Ray Charles http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AvCbVLZW4EY – Southern Tones (Of course, the church wasn’t happy about this – think of hearing Lil’ Wayne at a religious ceremony.) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mrd14PxaUco – Ray Charles http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AvCbVLZW4EY – Southern Tones

Giovanni Palestrina Dates of Life: 1525-1575 Location of Birth: Palestrina, Italy Patrons: Pope Marcellus Interesting Fact: He was the choirmaster of the Julian Choir that performed exclusively in St. Peter’s Basilica. He was also the music director for the Vatican. Influences: Gregorian Mass, Renaissance restraint, and the Counter-Reformation Important Fact: He is the greatest composer of church music and he is known for his restrained polyphony.

Giovanni Palestrina Abandoned secular music style of des Prez His compositions are typified as very clear, with voice parts well-balanced and beautifully harmonized. strict style created music that was always full and fluid Restrained dissonance 6 voices showed complex polyphony could still be pleasing to the ear high point of sacred music in late Renaissance

center of religious life Form: Mass center of religious life The Mass is the weekly (or daily) worship service in the Catholic Church. Often times entirely new music was written for the mass.

The Mass is always composed of the same five basic parts: Kyrie Gloria Credo Sanctus-Benedictus Agnus Dei King George Can’t Sing Alto

Mass The sections always have the same basic texts. Kyrie - Greek: Kýrie, eléison Christe, eléison Kyrie - English: Lord, have mercy Christ, have mercy Lord, have mercy

Palestrina’s Pope Marcellus Mass Listen for the words. They repeat constantly in all six voices – it’s polyphony: Kýrie, eléison Christe, eléison http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=16cH1RZcPKs http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=16cH1RZcPKs

Palestrina’s Pope Marcellus Mass According to legend, this piece caused early church fathers to allow polyphony to stay as part of the Mass. Remember, they were upset that composers were writing religious texts to the music of bawdy songs. Palestrina’s music showed them that polyphony could be refined and worthy of use in church ceremonies.

Palestrina’s Pope Marcellus Mass Compare Palestrina to Josquin. P’s is generally considered to be more refined polyphony than earlier composers (Josquin). For this reason, Palestrina is probably the best known and most popular composer of Renaissance polyphony, and the greatest composer of church music of the period.

Eulogies: Objective: Requirements of Eulogy: To broaden your understanding of the past by writing a eulogy that extols the virtues of a prominent historical figure. Requirements of Eulogy: 1) Should be written in formal language (no slang, abbreviations, etc.) 2) Include a brief summary of the person containing important facts 3) Discuss the individual’s legacy. 4) Explain how the achievements of this individual still affects the world today. 5) What makes this individual better than the other composer from this period? 6) Be written from a perspective of someone who knew the composer. Show some emotion! One paper… two names… At least half a page long!

Form: Madrigal Popular genre of polyphonic music during Renaissance – in both Italy and England Always vocal – between two and eight voices Always secular Choruses repeat, like today’s pop music. Voices enter and drop out suddenly to highlight the text Music imitates words: called text painting. Fun & spicy topics: love, sex, drinking, partying, etc.

“Fair Phyllis I Saw Sitting All Alone” Popular madrigal by John Farmer (c. 1570 – c. 1601) In four voices (soprano, alto, tenor, bass) Words in English Voices have slightly different rhythms. This overlap creates polyphony – 4 voices with equal importance Secular Subject: The song describes a person who saw a young shepherdess sitting alone feeding her sheep near a mountain. The other shepherds did not know where she was at the time. Her lover, Amyntas, goes looking for her and wanders through the hills playing hide and seek. Eventually he finds her, and when he does, they fall down and start kissing. Secular subject matter sometimes created innuendos (double meanings – sometimes sexual or inappropriate topics) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eUC_PrGZ6q4

“Fair Phyllis” (cont.) Fair Phyllis I saw sitting all alone Feeding her flock near to the mountain side. The shepherds knew not, they knew not whither she was gone, But after her lover Amyntas hied, Up and down he wandered whilst she was missing; When he found her, O then they fell a-kissing.

“Fair Phyllis” (cont.) Things to notice: Word painting: soprano alone sings the line “Fair Phyllis I saw sitting all alone,” (because she’s alone) Word painting: “Feeding her flock…” has all voices, (because a flock = lots of sheep) Word painting: “Up and down he wandered…” – the voices follow up and down “Hied” = “hurried” – an archaic English word

Recap: 3 forms: Mass, motet, madrigal Mass and motet in Latin, madrigal in English Palestrina = Italian Josquin = Belgium/French Polyphony = overlapping voices of equal importance Consonance = 2 or more pitches that resonate pleasingly/smoothly together Dissonance = 2 or more pitches that somewhat clash

Exit Slip 1) Identify the composer, form, and title of the following clips: Clip One: Clip Two: Clip Three: 2) How is the structure of Des Prez and Palestrina similar? 3) Discuss how historical events influence the difference between the music of Des Prez and Palestrina.