Monday, Sept. 15 Objective: Agenda: Copy down HW Warm Up Students will read and analyze primary and secondary sources to identify the reasons Americans discriminated against Chinese Americans in the late 1800s. Copy down HW Warm Up Chinese Exclusion Act DAPS Primary Documents What did you learn

Yellow Desk- Recorder Orange Desk- Gather Materials Green Desk- Collect Handouts Pink Desk- Clean Up 1. Describe how the United States treated Chinese people in America from 1848-1882. 2. Hypothesize why the Chinese were treated this way. 3. How do you think the Chinese Exclusion Act affected the treatment of the Chinese here in America? Warm Up 1848- Gold discovered in CA; many Chinese arrive to mine for gold. 1852-25,000 Chinese migrate to America. 1854- Court rules that the Chinese cannot testify in Court. 1865- Central Pacific RR recruits Chinese workers, and ultimately employs about 15,000 Chinese workers. 1871- LA: anti-Chinese violence; 18 Chinese killed. 1878- Court rules Chinese ineligible for naturalized citizenship. 1880- 106,000 Chinese in America; CA passes anti-miscegenation law (no interracial marriage). 1882- Chinese Exclusion Act: prohibits Chinese immigration (in one year, Chinese immigration drops from 40,000 to 23).

Western Migration Timeline Warm Up 1848- Gold discovered in CA; many Chinese arrive to mine for gold. 1852-25,000 Chinese migrate to America. 1854- Court rules that the Chinese cannot testify in Court. 1865- Central Pacific RR recruits Chinese workers, and ultimately employs about 15,000 Chinese workers. 1871- LA: anti-Chinese violence; 18 Chinese killed. 1878- Court rules Chinese ineligible for naturalized citizenship. 1880- 106,000 Chinese in America; CA passes anti-miscegenation law (no interracial marriage). 1882- Chinese Exclusion Act: prohibits Chinese immigration (in one year, Chinese immigration drops from 40,000 to 23). Chinese Exclusion

DAPS D- Date A-Author P- Purpose S- Significance

Finding answers within texts and pictures In early 1865 the Central Pacific had work enough for 4,000 men. Yet contractor Charles Crocker barely managed to hold onto 800 laborers at any given time. Most of the early workers were Irish immigrants. Railroad work was hard, and management was chaotic, leading to a high attrition rate. The Central Pacific management puzzled over how it could attract and retain a work force up to the enormous task. In keeping with prejudices of the day, some Central Pacific officials believed that Irishmen were inclined to spend their wages on liquor, and that the Chinese were also unreliable. Yet, due to the critical shortage, Crocker suggested that reconsideration be given to hiring Chinese. He encountered strong prejudice from foreman James Harvey Strobridge. Sourcing Finding answers within texts and pictures 1. In Paragraph 1, it states, that “…due to the critical shortage, Crocker suggested that reconsideration be given to hiring Chinese. He encountered strong prejudice from foreman (manager) James Harvey Strobridge.” Why do you think that James Harvey Strobridge still expressed strong prejudice against the Chinese laborers?

Strobridge's attitude changed when a group of Irish laborers became agitated over wages. Crocker told Strobridge to recruit some Chinese in their place. Instantly, the Irishmen abandoned their dispute. Sensing at least that fear of competition might motivate his men, Strobridge grudgingly agreed to hire 50 Chinese men as wagon-fillers. Their work ethic impressed him, and he hired more Chinese workers for more difficult tasks. Soon, labor recruiters were scouring California, and Crocker hired companies to advertise the work in China. The number of Chinese workers on CP payrolls began increasing by the shipload. Several thousand Chinese men had signed on by the end of that year; the number rose to a high of 12,000 in 1868, comprising at least 80% of the Central Pacific workforce. "Wherever we put them, we found them good," Crocker recalled, "and they worked themselves into our favor to such an extent that if we found we were in a hurry for a job of work, it was better to put Chinese on at once."  The Chinese teams were organized into groups of 20 under one white foreman; as the difficulty of construction increased, so often did the size of the gangs. Initially, Chinese employees received wages of 2. After reading Paragraphs 2 and 3, why do you think Chinese laborers were chosen to build the railroad? List and explain at least 2 examples from the text. Paragraph 2 Paragraph 3

Document B- Chinese Exclusion Act Forty-Seventh Congress. Session I Document B- Chinese Exclusion Act Forty-Seventh Congress. Session I. 1882 “Therefore, be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That from and after the expiration of ninety days next after the passage of this act, and until the expiration of ten years next after the passage of this act, the coming of Chinese laborers to the United States be, and the same is hereby, suspended; and during such suspension it shall not be lawful for any Chinese laborer to come, or, having so come after the expiration of said ninety days, to remain within the United States.” Chinese Exclusion Act 1. At the time of its passage, how did the Chinese Exclusion Act affect the status of Chinese laborers in the United States? 2. How does this act affect the future status of Chinese people in the United States? 3. Rewrite the Chinese Exclusion Act in your own words.

1. Based on this cartoon, why did many white Americans support the Chinese Exclusion Act?

What Did You Learn In School? Why did citizens flock to the new opportunities out west? How did Technology impact the lives of those moving out west?