Musculoskeletal Anatomy Quiz The bones, muscles and muscular action below the belt…

What’s to Come Quick review of the bones Origin, insertion, and action of muscles Muscles categorized by their action Test yourself with the diagram and click for the answer… All images scanned from: Sieg & Adams, Illustrated Essentials of Musculoskeletal Anatomy

Bones in Review

Pelvis (letters first) Iliac crest Iliac fossa Superior (posterior) gluteal line Middle (anterior) gluteal line Inferior gluteal line Anterior superior iliac spine Anterior inferior iliac spine Posterior superior iliac spine Posterior inferior iliac spine Greater sciatic notch Ischial tuberosity Ischial spine Lesser sciatic notch Ramus of ischium Pubic crest Pubic symphysis Body of pubis Superior ramus of pubis Inferior ramus of pubis Ilium Ischium Pubis Acetabulum Obturator foramen Sacrum Coccyx

Femur Head Neck Greater trochanter Lesser trochanter Intertrochanteric line Intertrochanteric crest Trochanter fossa Quatrate tubercle Gluteal tuberosity Linea aspera Adductor tubercle Medial epicondyle Lateral epicondyle Patellar surface Medial supracondylar line Lateral supracondylar line Medial condyle Lateral condyle Popliteal surface Intercondylar notch

Tibia and Fibula Styloid process Head Neck Interosseous border Lateral malleolus Shaft Medial condyle Lateral condyle Tibial tuberosity Soleal line Medial malleolus

Foot (without animation)

Extensors of Spine

Spinalis thoracis / cervicis spinous processes of T11-12, L1-2 transverse processes of T6-10 transverse processes of T1-6 Spinous processes of T1-8 Spinous processes of C6-7, T1-4 Spinous processes of C2-5 extend and rotate vertebral column Origin (3) Insertion Action

semispinalis thoracis / cervicus spinous processes of T11-12, L1-2 transverse processes of T6-10 transverse processes of T1-6 Spinous processes of T1-8 Spinous processes of C6-7, T1-4 Spinous processes of C2-5 extend and rotate vertebral column Origin (3) Insertion Action

Leg / Hip Flexors

Psoas Major Origin Insertion Action bodies, transverse processes lumbar vertebrae lesser trochanter of femur flexes and rotates thigh laterally flexes vertebrae Origin Insertion Action (2)

Iliacus Origin Insertion Action iliac fossa of ilium (2) iliac fossa of ilium lesser trochanter of femur flexes and rotates thigh laterally flexes vertebrae

Leg Extensors & Abductors

Gluteus Maximus Origin Insertion Action iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx gluteal tuberosity of femur extends and rotates thigh laterally

Gluteus Medius Origin Insertion Action lateral ilium greater trochanter of femur abducts thigh

Gluteus Minimus Origin Insertion Action lateral ilium greater trochanter of femur abducts thigh

Tensor Fasciae Latae Origin Insertion Action anterior iliac crest tibia via iliotibial tract abducts, flexes thigh

Leg Adductors

Adductor Longus Origin Insertion Action pubic crest near symphysis pubis linea aspera of femur adducts, flexes thigh Anterior

Adductor Magnus Origin Insertion Action ischial tuberosity pubis linea aspera of femur adductor tubercle adducts femur anterior fibers assist flexion of femur at hip Posterior fibers assist extension of femur at hip Origin (2) Insertion Action (3)

Gracilis Origin Insertion Action pubic ramus (2) pubic ramus medial surface of tibial shaft adducts thigh flexes leg at knee

Leg Flexors

Biceps Femoris Origin Insertion Action long head - ischial tuberosity short head - linea aspera of femur head of fibula lateral condyle of tibia flexes knee extends thigh Origin (2) Insertion Action

Semitendinosus Origin Insertion Action ischial tuberosity (2) ischial tuberosity medial, proximal surface of tibia flexes knee extends thigh

Semimembranosus Origin Insertion Action ischial tuberosity (2) ischial tuberosity medial condyle of tibia flexes knee extends thigh

Sartorius Origin Insertion Action anterior superior iliac spine (2) Action anterior superior iliac spine medial surface of tibia proximal surface of tibia flexes leg and thigh rotates thigh laterally (crosses leg)

Leg Extensors

Rectus Femoris Origin Insertion Action anterior inferior iliac spine patella by common tendon; continues as ligament to tibial tuberosity extends leg at knee

Vestus: medialis, lateralis intermedius anterior/medial surface femur greater trochanter femur anterior lateral shaft of femur patella by common tendon; continues as ligament to tibial tuberosity extends leg at knee Origin medialis lateralis intermedius Insertion Action

Dorsiflexors

Tibialis Anterior Origin Insertion Action (2) Action lateral condyle/surface of tibia 1st meta tarsal 1st cuneiform dorsiflexion inversion of foot

Peroneus Tertius Origin Insertion Action distal third anterior fibula (2) distal third anterior fibula 5th metatarsal dorsiflexion eversion of foot

Extensor Digitorum Longus Origin (2) Insertion Action (3) lateral condyle of the tibia anterior surface of fibula dorsal surfaces of 2nd, 3rd phlanges of 4 lateral toes dorsiflexion eversion toe extension

Plantar Flexors

Gastrocnemius Origin Insertion Action lateral/medial condyles of femur (2) lateral/medial condyles of femur posterior surface of calcaneus plantar flexion flexion of leg at knee

Soleus Origin Insertion Action head/shaft of fibula (2) Insertion Action head/shaft of fibula posterior tibial surface posterior surface calcaneus plantar flexion of foot

Flexor Digitorum Longus Origin Insertion Action (3) posterior surface of tibia distal phlanges of 4 lateral toes plantar flexion inversion of foot flexion of four lateral toes

Tibialis Posterior Origin Insertion Action (2) Action lateral condyle posterior tibial/fibular surface tarsal bones metatarsal bones plantar flexion inversion of foot

Peroneus Longus Origin Insertion Action lateral condyle of tibia fibular head/shaft tarsal metatarsals plantar flexion eversion of foot Origin (2) Insertion Action

Muscles by Action

Hip / Leg Medial Rotator Gluteus medius Gluteus minimus Tensor fasciae latae Petineus Adductor longus Adductor brevis Adductor magnus (horizontal fibers)

Leg Flexor & Extensor Flexors Extensors Gluteus maximus Iliopsoas Pectineus Tensor fasciae latae Adductor brevis Adductor longus Adductor magnus (anterior portion) Rectus femoris Sartorius Extensors Gluteus maximus Biceps femoris (long head) Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Adductor magnus (posterior portion)

Leg Adductors & Abductors Gluteus medius Gluteus minimus Tensor fasciae latae Sartorius Adductors Adductor brevis Adductor longus Adductor magnus Gracilis

Knee Flexors Extensors Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Sartorius Gracilis Gastrocnemius Extensors Vastus lateralis Vastus intermedius Vastus medialis Rectus femoris Tensor fascia latae

Knee Rotators Medial Lateral Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Popliteus Gracilis sartorius Lateral Biceps femoris

Ankle Dorsiflexors Plantar flexors Tibialis anterior Extensor digitorum longus Peroneus tertius Extensor hallucis longus Plantar flexors Gastrocnemius Soleus Plantaris Peroneus longus Peroneus brevis Tibialis posterior Flexor hallucis longus Flexor digitorum longus (not shown)

Foot Evertors Invertors Peroneus tertius Peroneus longus Peroneus brevis Invertors Tibialis anterior Tibialis posterior