Enrique E. Figueroa, Ph.D.,Director, Roberto Hernandez Center and Assistant to Provost for Latino Affairs, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee ”US Census Data on US, WI, and Milwaukee Co. Latinos” Posted on Roberto Hernandez Center ‘s website UWM, Milwaukee, WI September 29, 2010

2 Population in millions Hispanic Population in the United States: 1970 to 2050 *Projected Population as of July 1 Projections Census Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 1970, 1980, 1990, and 2000 Decennial Censuses; Population Projections, July 1, 2010 to July 1, 2050

US Latinos, July 1, ‘09 --there are 47.9 million in US, In 1990, it was we are 15.8% of the population million added since 7-1-’08 --since 7-1-’08, 50% of all people added to US population were Latinos --since 7-1-’08, US Latino population increased by 3.1%--fastest of any group Source: US Census, July 9, 2010

US Latinos, July 1, ‘09 --Median age of Latino pop. is 27.4 yrs., whereas US pop. as a whole is US children younger than 5-yrs-- 26% are Hispanics, whereas 22% of US pop. 18-yrs or younger are Hispanics male Hispanics for every 100- females; in total US pop., 97 males for every 100-females Source: US Census, July 9, 2010

US Latinos, July 1, ‘09 --CA & TX have 47% of all Latinos, CA = 13.7 & TX = 9.1 million --LA Co. has 4.7 million Latinos, biggest county in US and largest county Hispanic pop. increase = 78,000 --New Mexico has largest percent of Hispanics of any state, 47%, CA & TX both at 37%, AZ = 31%, NV = 26%, FL = 22%, CO = 20% Source: US Census, July 9, 2010

US Latinos, July 1, ‘ % are of Mexican heritage --8.9% are of Puerto Rican heritage --3.5% are of Cuban heritage, roughly half live in Miami-Dade Co % are of Salvadoran Heritage --2.8% are of Dominican heritage, roughly half live in NYC % are Other Hispanics Source: US Census, July 9, 2009

US Latinos, July 1, ‘09 --CA’s Latino pop. Grew by 312,000 since 7-1-’08, the largest of any state, CA = 300,000, FL = 105,000, --16 states have at least half-million Hispanics: AZ, CA, CO, FL, GA, IL, MA, NV, NJ, NM, NY, NC, PA, TX, VA, & WA --In 21 states Hispanics are the largest minority: AZ, CA, CO, CT, FL, ID, IA, KS, MA, NE, NV, NH, NJ, NM, OR, RI, TX, UT, VT, WA, & WY --Starr Co., TX has the highest proportion of Latinos = 97%, each of the 10 counties with the highest Hispanic proportion of the total population are in TX Source: US Census, July 9, 2010

US Latinos, July 1, ‘09 --Of all Stay-at-home-moms, 27% are Hispanic million Hispanic households in the US: 61% include children younger than 18 yrs.; 66% consist of a married couple; 41% have a married couple with children younger than 18 yrs. --69% of Hispanic children live with two married parents --43% of Hispanic couples w/children 18-yrs or younger where both spouses were employed, 50% in 2007 Source: US Census, July 9, 2010

US Latinos, July 1, ‘08 --There are 35 million US residents 5- yrs. and older that speak Spanish at home --In AZ, CA, NM, & TX 25% of ALL residents speak Spanish --76% of ALL Hispanics 5-yrs. and older speak Spanish at home, nationally, the figure is 12% Source: US Census, July 9, 2009

US Latinos, July 1, ‘09 --Hispanics represented 12% of ALL college full- time students in 10-’08, in elementary and high school, the figure is 20% --62% of Hispanics 25-yrs. or older have a high school education --13% of Hispanics 25-yrs. or older have at least a bachelor’s degree, or 3.7 million 18-yrs. or older, up from 1.7 million in ,000 Hispanics 25-yrs. or older with advanced degrees Source: US Census, July 9, 2010

US Latinos, July 1, ‘09 --The median income of Hispanic households is $37,913[’08], down 5.6% from ‘07 --The poverty rate for Hispanics is 23.2% [’08], up down from 21.7% in ‘07 --The percentage of Hispanic households without health insurance is 30.7%[’08], down from 32.1% in ‘07 Source: US Census, July 9, 2010

US Latinos, July 1, ‘09 --There were 2.3 million Hispanic-owned businesses in US in ’07, up 43.6% since ’02 --$345.2 billion in receipts generated by Hispanic- owned businesses in ’07, up 55.5% since ’ % of Hispanic-owned businesses were owned by Mexican, Mexican-American, or Chicanos % of ALL businesses owned in NM, were Hispanic-owned, 22.4% in FL and 20.7% in TX Source: US Census, July 9, 2010

US Latinos, Aug. 13 ‘ million Hispanics voted in the ’04 presidential, while 9.7 million voted in ’08, a 26.% increase or 2 million new voters [a 15.1% increase for African American voters and a 0.5% increase for non-Latino Whites] --California has the largest number of Latino voters, 3 million in ’08 vs. 2.1 million in ’04, a 42.3% increase million Hispanics voted in the ’06 congressional elections --50% of Hispanic citizens voted in ‘08 vs. 47% in ‘04 Source: US Census, July 9, 2010

Wisconsin Hispanics Between 2000 and 7-1-’09, Wisconsin’s population grew by 291,066 [5.43%] and of those, 106,202 were Hispanics, representing 36.5% of the total growth. The Hispanic population grew by 55%, ten-times the rate of the entire state. In Milwaukee Co. the growth rate was 42.3% Source: US Census, July

Wisconsin Hispanics --Pop. Estimate in 2009 = million --Hispanic Pop. Estimate in ’09 = 299,123, 5.3% of state’s population --WI Latinos represent 0.6% of US Latino pop., 24 th in country --66% of WI Latinos are Native-Born --79% of WI Hispanics are of Mexican heritage --Median age of WI Latinos is 25-yrs….16 for Native-born and 35 for foreign-born, non-Hispanic whites = 41-yrs Source: US Census, July 9, 2008

Milwaukee Hispanics --Milwaukee Co Pop. Estimate is 959,521 --Milwaukee Co. Hispanic Pop. Estimate in ’09 is 117,282, representing 12.2% of county’s pop. --From 2000 to 2009, Milwaukee Co. pop. grew by 189,968, while Latino pop. grew by 34,836, 18.3% of total growth and growing by 42.3%, almost twice the rate of entire county’s growth --Between 1990 and 2000, Milwaukee Co. pop. declined by 19,000, while Latino pop. grew by 37, 700 Source: US Census, July 9, 2010

--Total WI Latino pop. = 299,123 --Top ten counties have 81.1% of total state Latino pop. --All 72-counties [with exception of Marquette Co.] had increases in the Latino pop. between ‘00 & ‘09 --Two-counties had increases of 200% or more in Latino pop. between ‘00 & ‘09 --Nine-counties had increases of 100% or more in Latino pop. between ‘00 & ‘09 --Milwaukee Co. had the largest numerical increase between ‘00 & ‘09 = 34, 900

WI Latino Pop to 2009 Change2000 to 2007 Change CensusEstimateNumberPercentNumber Percent Milwaukee County82,406117,28234, %27, % Dane County14,38725,28310, %8, % Racine County14,99021,4536, %5, % Kenosha County10,75716,6405, %4, % Brown County8,69816,2987, %5, % Waukesha County9,50314,1974, %3, % Rock County5,95310,5344, %3, % Walworth County6,1369,4973, %2, % Sheboygan County3,7896,0732, %1, % Winnebago County3,0655,3632, %1, % Top Ten Totals159,684242,62082, %65, % Wisconsin Total 192,921299,123106, %83, %

--Total WI Latino pop. = 299,123 --Percent of WI Latinos that are 9-yrs or younger is 24.8% --Percent of WI Latinos that are 19-yrs or younger is 42.9%

2009 Wisconsin Latino Populations Age Estimates, US Census, July 10, 2010 MalesFemalesTotal Percent 0 to 420,14419,40439, % 5 to 917,42917,24634, % 10 to 1414,51213,89028, % 15 to 1913,50812,34225, % 20 to 2413,28411,39624, % 25 to 2914,89011,77026, % 30 to 3415,09511,48226, % 35 to 3913,0439,90422, % 40 to 4410,4938,23818, % 45 to 498,1916,69714, % 50 to 546,2615,20411, % 55 to 594,3253,9228, % 60 to 642,9372,6515, % 65 to 691,7511,8543, % 70 to 741,2301,4422, % 75 to ,0311, % 80 to , % , % Totals159,144139,979299,123

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25 Hispanic Population by Region: 2006 RankRegionPopulation Size 1West18,864,823 2South15,376,215 3Northeast6,102,314 4Midwest3,977,686 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates July 1, 2006

Latinos and The Census Is it Race or Ethnicity? Race (one-race); No Data Collected for Latinos Race (one-race);Spanish Origin Yes or No Race (one-race); Spanish/Hispanic Origin Mex/PR/Cuban/Other Race (one-race); Hispanic Origin Mex/PR/Cuban/Fill-in-the-Blank Race (multi-race); Hispanic/Latino Mex/PR/Cuban/Fill-in-the-Blank “Latinos Can be of Any Race”

American WhiteBlackIndianAsianOther2+ Races United States 16,839,535654,510356,783140,04614,989,3722,258, %1.9%1.0%0.4%42.5%6.4% Wisconsin 85,9043,5063, ,42815, %1.8%1.9%0.4%42.6%8.3% Latinos Challenge the American Racial Paradigm Almost Half of Latinos Do Not Define Themselves in Classic American Racial Terms

Review Questions 1.) Why is Latino population growing so much? 2.) What percent of the WI population are Latinos? 3.) What is the country of origin of Latino? 4.) Is there a shortage of Latino teachers? Why? 5.) What % of the total US Latino pop. live in WI? 6.) What can we conclude of the census “box” choices of Latinos?