Latitude and Longitude

Latitude & Longitude What is the blue line on this globe called? Equator!

Latitude & Longitude What is the yellow line on this globe called? Prime Meridian

Latitude & Longitude continued

Latitude (x axis) & Longitude (y axis) - Coordinate system used to locate places on Earth ALWAYS stated first (x) Latitude: measured in degrees, North & South of Equator - think “laddertude” (rungs of a ladder) ** lines of latitude are also called parallels horizontal lines Maximum latitudes: 900 N (north pole) & 900 S (south pole) Reference line = Equator (00) Always has # and direction (examples: 490 N; 320 S)

Latitude (x axis) continued There are 2 ways to get latitude: 1) with reference to center of Earth 2) with reference to Polaris Polaris & latitude: altitude / angle to Polaris = your latitude If on the same latitude: 1) all see Polaris at same angle 2) all have same length of day NH = Northern Hemisphere SH = Southern Hemisphere FYI: 10 of latitude ~ 111 km

Longitude (y axis) ALWAYS stated second ALWAYS stated second (y) Longitude: measured in degrees, East & West of the Prime Meridian (Greenwich, England) ** lines of longitude are also called meridians Reference line: Prime Meridian (00) / GMT Greenwich Mean Time ** A chronometer is a very accurate clock used to find longitude by finding the time difference from 00 longitude. GMT is the time in Greenwich, England from which all longitude is calculated E or W of the Prime Meridian based on 15o per hour of difference from GMT.

Longitude (y axis) continued International Date Line (IDL): 1800 If you go West over the IDL, add a day If you go East over the IDL, lose a day If on the same longitude: 1) same time 2) all will see high noon at the same time Rotational rate = Distance = 3600 = 150 / hour Time 24 hrs Memorize this 1 rotation per 24 hours

Longitude (y axis) continued Rotational rate = Distance = 3600 = 150 / hour Time 24 hrs Memorize this Earth is broken into 24 equal time zones, all 150 apart with 1 hour difference Earlier Later

Stop!

Latitude / Longitude Intro BOTH sides: start with latitude and then…

Latitude / Longitude Worksheet 03-2L

60 minutes! 60 seconds! Dividing degrees How many minutes in an hour? Guess what a degree is divided into (in latitude / longitude)? 60 minutes! How many seconds in a minute? Guess what a minute is divided into (in latitude / longitude)? 60 seconds!

NYS Latitude / Longitude Page 3 ESRTs – RULER TIME See next page in your notes for reference See next page in your notes for reference See next page in your notes for reference

Latitude / Longitude ctd Page 11 of your notes packet: Add the minutes and seconds you see below

Southwestern United States Latitude & Longitude – Southwestern United States

Latitude / Longitude ctd Use page 3 of the ESRTs to complete the following table on PAGE 11 in your notes packet Location Latitude Longitude 430 5’ N 760 10’ W 420 45’ N 730 40’ W 440 10’ N 730 55’ W 420 5’ N 750 55’ W 790 15’ W Riverhead Slide Mountain Oswego Watertown Buffalo Syracuse Albany Mt. Marcy Binghamton Jamestown 400 50’ N 720 35’ W 420 N 740 20’ W 430 25’ N 760 25’ W 430 55’ N 750 55’ W 420 50’ N 780 50’ W

Homework: Lat / Long Practice (18 – 30)

Latitude / Longitude Lab

Phone a friend at 6 am? Remember: Rotational rate = 150 / hour

Longitude / Time Zone Problems

Latitude / Longitude Lab – Reality Check Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) Greenwich Mean Time: the time in Greenwich, England from which all Longitude is calculated east & west of the Prime Meridian using 15o / hour of difference from GMT.

Latitude / Longitude Lab – Reality Check 2o driving in North Dakota vs. Texas 2o = 2o but meridians (lines of longitude) are farther apart the closer to the Equator you are. Since Texas is closer to the Equator than South Dakota is so you would physically travel farther in Texas driving 2o east. *** LOOK AT THE GLOBES **

Latitude / Longitude Lab – Reality Check DESCRIBE how to use latitude and longitude You would measure latitude north or south of the Equator in degrees (latitude is ALWAYS listed first) then you would measure longitude east or west of the Prime Meridian in degrees Latitude and longitude give the coordinates to pinpoint any location on Earth.

Maps including Lat. / Long.