Sectionalism and the Civil War Ms. Garratt

 Sectionalism  Missouri Compromise 1820  Compromise of 1850  KS-NE Act 1854  Bleeding KS 1855  Sumner in Senate 1855  Free Soilers  Republican Party  Dred Scott Decision  John Brown  Lincoln-Douglas Debates  Election of Lincoln  Harriet Beecher Stowe  Border ruffians

NORTHSOUTH Industrial River Power Harsh winters Wage labor  Agrarian (cotton, tobacco)  Slave labor  Mild weather all year

 California -  Compromise of 1850 CA as free state Fugitive Slave Law DC Popular Sovereignty (letting the people decide whether or not to allow slavery) in NM & UT territories  Secession

 Fugitive Slave Law  Slaves denied trials  Vigilance committees  Harriet Tubman – conductor

 First test of popular sovereignty in Kansas.  Supporters and opponents of slavery moved in to populate KS  Election took place but 1000s of border ruffians illegally voted  Lecompton gov set up.  Anti-slavery forces set up rival gov  Violence breaks out and KS earns the title of bleeding KS

 Opponents of the KS-NE Act form the Republican Party.  Opposed to slavery in the new territories.  Whigs, Free Soilers, Democrats & other parties joined.  Chief goal was to resurrect the Missouri Compromise  Election of 1856 John C. Fremont was their candidate.  Had Fremont won many believe that the South would have seceded then

 Wanted to organize slaves & lead a rebellion.  Attacked Harpers Ferry (a federal arsenal)  The slave uprising Brown hoped for never occurred.  Federal troops put down the uprising.  Brown was tried & excuted  In the North church bells rang, guns fired salutes.  They considered Brown a martyr  South became more paranoid  Some whites suspected of anti-slavery views were attacked by mobs.

 1860 election  Lincoln was a moderate  Opposed extension of slavery into new territories but reassured South that he would not interfere with their slaves  HE NEVER THREATENED TO END SLAVERY.  South felt threatened by him  His name didn’t even appear on the ballots of most southern states

 Question of “states rights” v federal control  SC was first to secede followed by 10 other states  Set up confederate gov in Montgomery  Jefferson Davis - president

 Chart on page 169  Three part strategy  Compare with South

 Deceptive  Border states

 Bull Run  Antietam  Gettysburg  Vicksburg  Total War – Sherman March

 Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan “with malice toward, charity for all”  Johnson’s Fifty Percent Plan Difference crush planter aristocracy 7 states  Radicals & rift with Pres Johnson Refused to seat representatives from states Vetoed Civil Rights Act 1866 (2) Vetoed Freedman’s Bureau Act Congress overrode vetos

 Radicals and moderates join together to shift presidential control of Reconstruction to the Congress  1866 elections  Reconstruction act of 1867

 Violation of Tenure in Office Act  Pres could not remove cabinet member during term of president without Senate approval