Road Design Susan Handy TTP Orientation Seminar October 2009.

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Presentation transcript:

Road Design Susan Handy TTP Orientation Seminar October 2009

Topics Network design Facility design

Network Design What are the two main purposes of streets/roads/highways? What’s the main difference between streets vs. roads vs. highways?

National Committee on Urban Transportation, 1958

City of Sunnyvale, 1957

ITE Street Layout Principles, 1984

City of Austin, Comprehensive Plan, 1994

Connectivity Measures

Benefits of grid…? More direct routes –Less distance Less driving (?) –Less pollution, energy consumption, noise, etc. More walking/biking –More exercise, less weight, better health, etc. –Better efficiency Emergency response time City services

Source: Handy, Paterson, and Butler 2003

Source:

Berkeley Diverters Source:

Village Homes, Davis Source: Google Maps

Davis Greenbelt System

Source: Google Maps Houten, Netherlands

Source: Google Maps

Facility Design Responsibility for building: –City/County: local streets, collectors, arterials –State: highways, freeways Influence on professional practice: –Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) –American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO)

Source:

Innovations/Trends Traffic Calming Skinny Streets “Complete the Streets” Context-Sensitive Design Others…

Traffic Calming "Traffic calming is the combination of mainly physical measures that reduce the negative effects of motor vehicle use, alter driver behavior and improve conditions for non-motorized street users." - ITE Subcommittee on Traffic Calming

Speed Control Measures Vertical DeflectionHorizontal Deflection Horizontal Narrowing Other Measures Speed HumpsTraffic CirclesNeckdownsExamples Speed TablesRoundabouts Center Island Narrowings Raised CrosswalksChicanesChockers Raised IntersectionsRealigned Intersections Textured Pavements Speed Lumps * Speed Cushion * Split Speed Hump * Volume Control Measures Divertive, RestrictiveOther Measures Full ClosuresExamples Half Closures Diagonal Diverters Lateral Shift * Median Barriers

Traffic Circles Roundabouts

Chicanes Neckdowns

Narrow Street Scenarios 28’ 52-56’ 24’ 47-52’ 20’ 42-48’ Street Scenarios

Narrow Streets Canyon Rim Village, Medford Streets

Marcy McInelly, SERA/Urbsworks Sustainable Streets …are rights of way designed and operated to create benefits relating to mobility, ecology and community that support a broad sustainability agenda...

Sustainable Street Design  Network design: alignment, sizing, connectivity  Allocation of right of way space  Component design: paving, landscape, lighting, furnishings  Sub-grade engineering and design Marcy McInelly, SERA/Urbsworks

 Planning, Policy and Institutional Activities  Construction  Operations & Management  Maintenance, Restoration & Repair Marcy McInelly, SERA/Urbsworks Beyond Street Design

Photo: Marcy McInelly, SERA/Urbsworks Movement Ecology Community Pillars of Sustainable Streets Marcy McInelly, SERA/Urbsworks

Riverfront Parkway and Downtown Streets, Chattanooga, TN Roadway Modifications Image: City of Chattanooga and River City Company

Riverfront Parkway, Chattanooga, TN “Before” Conditions Image: City of Chattanooga and River City Company

Image: City of Chattanooga Reconstructed Riverfront Parkway

“Context-Sensitive Design”

Next up: Pavements