Clonal Selection Programme Yalumba Old Vine Shiraz Selections Nick Dry- Yalumba Nursery Viticulturist

Pre 1900’s Negative or Positive mass selection Post 1900’s selections based on measured parameters Late 1920’s Clonal Selection trials began in Germany by Sartorius (Riesling) Based on greatest potential yield increases Late 1960’s ENTAV-INRA begin clonal selection based on quality History of Clonal Selection

Vines arrive with first fleet (South Africa + Argentina) 1817 – Pinot Noir & Meunier introduced by Governor McArthur 1832 – 570 varieties introduced by Busby from premier grape growing regions of Europe 1836 – vines from Busby collection planted in SA History Clonal Selection – In Australia

Harry Tulloch collects fruit weights from individual vines Selected the top 6 and bottom 2 yielding clones based on 5 yr average Referred to as H1 to H6 & L1, L2 Virus screening using woody indexing st replicated clonal trial at Loxton History of Clonal Selection –In Australia

Yalumba’s Clonal Selection Program Program established in late 1990’s Selection based on wine quality Known health status Improve genetic diversity Three parts –Importation from international selection programmes and distinguished vineyards –Yalumba Selections –Assessment of commercial clones & rootstocks

The ENTAV/ INRA trademark specifies origin, authenticity, sanitary quality and genetic value of clonal selection The clones selected and produced over the last 40 years by ENTAV/ INRA constitutes over 90% of the current planting in France ENTAV/ INRA have produced over 15,000 individual clones for assessment. Some of the more well known clones originally selected and established by ENTAV/ INRA include Pinot Noir 777 and Chardonnay 76 & 95

Yalumba’s Clonal Selection Program Commercial clones: Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinot Noir & Chardonnay Viognier & Sauvignon Blanc – Yalumba imports & commercial clones

Clonal Selection Program –Shiraz Oldest Shiraz vines in the world Project Aims to; –Identify clonal variation between Eden Valley & Barossa Valley Shiraz clones –Preserve genetic diversity –Improve overall wine quality Candidate vineyards used in Yalumba’s Icon Shiraz - Octavius Vineyards range in age from 40 to 127yrs

Clonal Selection Program –Shiraz Candidate vines selected per vineyard Tested for viral status using PCR Fruit maturity, colour & chemical analysis After 2 yrs a single mother vine is selected Cuttings collected & propagated

Clonal Selection Program –Shiraz 2001 – Replicated trial planted in commercial vineyard Includes 13 old vine Shiraz clones –7 x Barossa Valley vineyards –6 x Eden Valley vineyards 4 x commercial Shiraz clones 2005 first wines produced

Row and Vine # Block Design

Clone Origin CloneBlockRegionYear PlantedProduct Destination EVOVS3JohnsEden Valley1977Octavious BVOVS5GropeBarossa Valley1919Reserve/Octavious BVOVS10Shiraz FarmBarossa Valley1899Signature/Octavious EVOVS12ProwseEden Valley1967Octavious 1654

Small –Lot Winemaking All clones harvested on the same day Crushed & de-stemmed into open fermenter’s Must acidified to same pH Inoculated using commercial yeast Fermented to dryness at controlled temperature Transferred to stainless steel vessels undergo secondary fermentation Finished wine sulphured and bottled

Clone IDYield (kg/vine) Bunch weight (g)Must Analysis (Baume, T.A., pH) , 4.1, , 3.9, , 3.79, , 3.8, (1654) ,3.8, 3.79 Harvest Data