BLOOD VESSELS PATHOLOGY

B LOOD V ESSELS : T HE V ASCULAR S YSTEM  Taking blood from the heart to the tissues and back  Arteries  Arterioles  Capillaries  Venules  Veins

The Vascular System

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Differences Between Blood Vessel Types  Walls of arteries are the thickest  Lumens of veins are larger than arteries  Skeletal muscle “milks” blood in veins toward the heart

6 C APILLARIES  Only a single layer of endothelium and a basement membrane  Connect arterioles and Venules  Functional part of system  True capillaries begin at a precapillary sphincter which controls blood flow through the capillary

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L YMPHATIC S YSTEM Lymphatic capillary Lymphatic duct Lymphatic vessels All organs have lymphatic vessels except ?

Pathology Congenital Anomalies Arteriosclerosis HTN Vasculitides ( inflammations) Aneurysms & Dissections Veins & Lymphatics Tumors

V ASCULAR P ATHOLOGY IN HTN Hypertension is associated with two forms of small blood vessel disease  Hyaline Arteriolosclerosis  Hyperplastic Arteriolosclerosis

Arteriosclerosis Arteriolosclerosis Monckeberg arteriosclerosis Atherosclerosis

ANEURYSMS Atherosclerotic aneurysms Aneurysms due to cystic media necrosis Berry aneurysms Syphilitic aneurysms Dissecting aneurysms Arteriovenous fistula ( aneurysms)

V ASCULITIS

V EINS DISORDER Varicose vine Thrombophlebitis Superior/inferior Vena Cava Síndrome

TUMOR Benign tumor Malignant tumor