Th10/2 Ch. 2Molecular development of Drosophila T10/7More molecular development of Drosophila Th10/9Ch. 7Plant development On Thursday, 10/9, Please bring a copy of the primary research article you have selected (or more than one if you haven’t decided) plus your notes on the article. T10/14no class – October Vacation Th10/16More plant development T10/21Ch. 8Mechanisms of morphogenesis Th10/23More morphogenesis T10/28Ch. 10Cell differentiation Th10/30 Happy Halloween Eve!Stem cells T11/4Ch. 11Organogenesis Th11/6More Organogenesis 11/10NO CLASS Veteran’s Day T11/11EXAM 2Chapters 2, 6, 8, 10 Th11/13Ch. 12Development of the nervous system T11/18More neural development Your review paper is due at the beginning of class on Tuesday, 11/18

From our course web site: “Assignments Explained” two short writing assignments: Each worth 20 points. At any point during the semester, pick any topic in developmental biology from class, text, web, TV, or anywhere and learn more about it. Keep track of all the sources you use (Wikipedia etc.) to learn more and then write a two page paper along with a bibliography of all your sources and hand it. Write two papers like this during the semester. The purpose is to encourage you to track down more knowledge when you find something interesting. A key challenge in your papers is to explain how each topic is actually a topic in the field of developmental biology and not a different area of biology.

Chapter #2

not in text

Genes to focus on during Drosophila embryogenesis Bicoid Hunchback Even-skipped Engrailed Antennapedia Hedgehog Wingless Gurken Toll Dorsal Decapentaplegic Short gastrulation

not in text: egg chamber

2.8 fly A/P axis gene hierarchy

Look at the summary paragraphs and associated flow charts throughout Chapter 2: p. 66 Summary: Early Expression of Zygotic Genes

2.39 Hh/Wg 4 nuclei

2.41 Hh/Wg feedback loop

Box 1E Wnt signal transduction

2.40 Hh signaling pathway

2.37 clones in wing

2.21 D/V slice

Comparing animals and plants: Invented multicellularity independently Some differences: No germ line cells in plants (plants are easy to clone. No maternal factors???) No morphogenesis in plants (very simple fate maps) Plant cells contain plasmodesmata (a type of gap junction between cells)

Comparing animals and plants: Invented multicellularity independently Some differences: No germ line cells in plants (plants are easy to clone. No maternal factors???) No morphogenesis in plants (very simple fate maps) Plant cells contain plasmodesmata (a type of gap junction between cells) 7.4 fate map

7.22 root fates

Comparing animals and plants: Invented multicellularity independently Some differences: No germ line cells in plants (plants are easy to clone. No maternal factors???) No morphogenesis in plants (very simple fate maps) Plant cells contain plasmodesmata (a type of gap junction between cells) Fig. 1.23

FT mRNA is transcribed in leaves and then the mRNA goes through plasmodesmata on the way to cells in the shoot meristem where it is translated into a transcription factor protein that regulates transcription of genes for flowering. Fig. 6.35

Comparing animals and plants: Invented multicellularity independently Some similarities: Totipotency (each cell retains the entire genome) Stem cells (called initials in plants) Stem cell niches (called meristems in plants) Homeotic genes (but the genes are different in plants vs animals)

7.10 stem/leaf pattern

Animal terms = totipotent, pluripotent Plant term = indeterminant