CE 370 Screens.

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Presentation transcript:

CE 370 Screens

Water Treatment Coarse Bar Racks Traveling Racks Clear space between bars is up to 3 inches (75 mm) Are used to retain large objects into water intake Traveling Racks Located behind bar racks Have openings of 3/8 to ½ inch (10-13 mm) Are used to prevent small particles

Traveling Water Screens

Wastewater Treatment Manually cleaned screens Mechanically cleaned screens

Mechanically-cleaned Bar Screen

Manually Cleaned Bar Screens Space between bars are 1 to 2 inches (25 to 50 mm) Mounted at 30 to 75 angle to horizontal (typically 30 to 45)

Mechanically Cleaned Bar Screens Bar spacing is 0.5 to 1.5 inches (12 to 38 mm) Mounted at 45 to 90 with horizontal (typically 60) Cleaning is performed at time intervals or when the head loss reaches a certain value (2 inches or 50 mm)

Design Parameters The approach channel should be straight for at least 0.6 meter ahead of the screen to produce uniform flow through the screen Approach velocity should be at least 1.5 ft/sec (0.46 m/s) to prevent precipitation of debris Velocity through bars should be less than 2 ft/sec (0.62 m/s) at design flow Velocity through bars should be not more than 3 ft/sec (0.91 m/s) at maximum flow

Design Parameters A stand-by screen should be provided Stop-gates slots are provided ahead and behind screens for maintenance reasons

Design Equations Head-loss across bar screens can be represented by: hL = head loss, ft (m) Va = approach velocity ft/sec (m/s) Vb = velocity through bar openings ft/sec (m/s) g = acceleration due to gravity

Screenings Amount Management For ½ inch spacing = 8 ft3 (60 m3) per million gallons (million m3) of treated wastewater For 1.5 inch spacing = 1.5 ft3 (11.2 m3) per million gallons (million m3) of treated wastewater Management Disposed in landfills

Example A mechanical bar screen is to be used in an approach channel with a maximum velocity of 1 m/s. The bars are 15 mm thick, and the openings are 25 mm wide. Determine: The velocity between the bars The head loss in meters

Solution Assume the channel has a width (W) and depth (D) Net area of screen = WD [25 / (25+15) = (5/8)WD Area of screen = WD Use continuity equation Va Aa = Vb Ab OR Vb = (Va Aa) / Ab Vb= 1  [WD / (5/8)WD] = (8 / 5 ) m/s

Solution Head Loss

Shredding Why ? How ? Fate of shredded solids Reduce size of particles Grinders Barminutors comminutors Fate of shredded solids Return to wastewater flow downstream from screens

Comminutor Installation